| Tóm tắt: | Ecological engineering involve the design, construction, operation, and management of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems to mitigate environmental pollution, this benefit both humanity and nature. The field has its roots in ecology and is practiced within an engineering context. Ecological engineering differs from environmental engineering because the latter focuses on solving problems of pollution using advanced technologies, which are heavily dependent on fossil fuels while the first relays on ecosystems and renewable energy sources. Currently, ecological engineering is used widely to solve different environmental problems such as controlling non point source pollution. Surface runoff is a term used to describe the flow of water, from rain, snowmelt, or other sources over the land and is a major component of the water cycle . When runoff flows along the ground, it can pick up soil contaminants such as petroleum, pesticides, or fertilizers that reach the water bodies. If a nonpoint source contains man-made contaminants, the runoff is called nonpoint source pollution. Bioswales and created or constructed wetlands are ecological engineered systems for controlling non point source pollution. This chapter presents a review of the state of art on the principles and applications of ecological engineering to control water contamination from different types of surface run off. The first part defines and describes the principles that govern ecological engineering. The second part presents a broad and update review about the design principles and applications ecological engineered systems to control different types of non point source pollution.
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