Palynological study of the fossil floras of the Lower Miocene and early Middle Miocene of the Pichucalco region, Chiapas, Mexico
Marine sedimentary rocks of northern Chiapas, near the limits of Tabasco and Veracruz, sampled along the road from Huimanguillo to Presa de Malpaso, at altitudes between 300 and 500 m, are subjected to a palynological and paleoecological study. 663 different microfossils are identified, mostly polle...
| Hoofdauteurs: | , |
|---|---|
| Formaat: | Online |
| Taal: | spa |
| Gepubliceerd in: |
Instituto de Ecología, A.C.
1993
|
| Online toegang: | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/677 |
| _version_ | 1799771172963876864 |
|---|---|
| author | Palacios Chavez, Rodolfo Rzedowski, Jerzy |
| author_facet | Palacios Chavez, Rodolfo Rzedowski, Jerzy |
| author_sort | Palacios Chavez, Rodolfo |
| collection | ABM |
| description | Marine sedimentary rocks of northern Chiapas, near the limits of Tabasco and Veracruz, sampled along the road from Huimanguillo to Presa de Malpaso, at altitudes between 300 and 500 m, are subjected to a palynological and paleoecological study. 663 different microfossils are identified, mostly pollen and spores, in these sedimentary rocks. Present ecological conditions of the sampled area are those of a tropical evergreen forest with Terminalia, Vochysia, Brosimum, Dialium and Manilkara among other trees, and of related communities as palm forest, tropical savanna and Quercus oleoides forest. The studied stratigraphic column embraces Lower Miocene to Middle Miocene; the microfossils found and the palynological spectra show that most pollen grains belong to genera of the family Juglandaceae, mainly of the Engelhardtia-Oreomunnea complex, which is dominant in most of the sediments studied. Also quantitatively important are pollen grains of Picea, Quercus, Pinus and Melastomataceae, as well as spores of Cyatheaceae and Polypodiaceae. High percentages of Engelhardtia-Oreomunnea pollen grains and abundant spores of Cyathea and Alsophila indicate a paleoenvironment dominated mostly by Engelhardtia-Oreomunnea forest, growing in a coastal montane area of relatively cool and very wet climate. A comparative study of modern pollen rains for some warm and temperate zones of Mexico is included, mainly of Engelhardtia-Oreomunnea forests and of other types of vegetation related to the palynoflora found in the analyzed sediments. |
| format | Online |
| id | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-677 |
| institution | Acta Botanica Mexicana |
| language | spa |
| publishDate | 1993 |
| publisher | Instituto de Ecología, A.C. |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-6772022-11-23T00:05:41Z Palynological study of the fossil floras of the Lower Miocene and early Middle Miocene of the Pichucalco region, Chiapas, Mexico Estudio palinológico de las floras fósiles del Mioceno Inferior y principios del Mioceno Medio de la región de Pichucalco, Chiapas, México Palacios Chavez, Rodolfo Rzedowski, Jerzy fossil spores microfossil microspores tertiary flora esporas fósiles flora terciaria microfósil microsporas Marine sedimentary rocks of northern Chiapas, near the limits of Tabasco and Veracruz, sampled along the road from Huimanguillo to Presa de Malpaso, at altitudes between 300 and 500 m, are subjected to a palynological and paleoecological study. 663 different microfossils are identified, mostly pollen and spores, in these sedimentary rocks. Present ecological conditions of the sampled area are those of a tropical evergreen forest with Terminalia, Vochysia, Brosimum, Dialium and Manilkara among other trees, and of related communities as palm forest, tropical savanna and Quercus oleoides forest. The studied stratigraphic column embraces Lower Miocene to Middle Miocene; the microfossils found and the palynological spectra show that most pollen grains belong to genera of the family Juglandaceae, mainly of the Engelhardtia-Oreomunnea complex, which is dominant in most of the sediments studied. Also quantitatively important are pollen grains of Picea, Quercus, Pinus and Melastomataceae, as well as spores of Cyatheaceae and Polypodiaceae. High percentages of Engelhardtia-Oreomunnea pollen grains and abundant spores of Cyathea and Alsophila indicate a paleoenvironment dominated mostly by Engelhardtia-Oreomunnea forest, growing in a coastal montane area of relatively cool and very wet climate. A comparative study of modern pollen rains for some warm and temperate zones of Mexico is included, mainly of Engelhardtia-Oreomunnea forests and of other types of vegetation related to the palynoflora found in the analyzed sediments. De un grupo de rocas sedimentarias marinas que se encuentran al norte de Chiapas, cerca de los límites con Tabasco y Veracruz, a orilla de la carretera que va de Huimanguillo a la presa de Malpaso, entre 300 y 500 m de altitud, se hace un estudio palinológico y paleoecológico, consistente en su parte medular en la identificación de 663 diferentes microfósiles, en su mayoría polen y esporas, que fueron encontrados en 35 de las muestras de dichas rocas sedimentarias. Las condiciones ecológicas actuales de la localidad en cuestión son propias de las zonas tropicales húmedas, predominando cerca y sobre dichos sedimentos la vegetación característica de bosque tropical perennifolio (hoy mayormente substituido por agrupaciones secundarias, pero originalmente representado entre otros por árboles de Terminalia, Vochysia, Brosimum, Dialium y Manilkara) así como comunidades afines como palmares, sabana tropical y bosque de Quercus oleoides. La columna estratigráfica estudiada comprende desde el Mioceno Inferior hasta el Mioceno Medio y los microfósiles encontrados así como los espectros polínicos elaborados permiten ver que el mayor número de granos de polen pertenece a miembros de la familia Juglandaceae, principalmente al complejo Engelhardtia-Oreomunnea, que aparecen dominantes en la mayor parte de los sedimentos analizados. Le siguen en importancia los granos de polen de Picea, Quercus, Pinus y Melastomataceae así como las esporas de Pteridophyta, principalmente las que pertenecen a las familias Cyatheaceae y Polypodiaceae. Los altos porcentajes del polen de Engelhardtia-Oreomunnea junto con la abundancia de las esporas de Cyatheaceae (Cyathea y Alsophila) permiten deducir que las condiciones ambientales que prevalecieron durante el Mioceno Inferior y Medio en esa región montañosa costera deben haber sido las de un paisaje dominado en su mayor parte por los bosques de Engelhardtia-Oreomunnea, con clima relativamente fresco y muy húmedo. El trabajo incluye un estudio comparativo de las lluvias de polen moderno de algunas zonas calientes y templadas de México, en particular de los bosques de Engelhardtia-Oreomunnea y de otros tipos de vegetación relacionados con la palinoflora encontrada en los sedimentos muestreados. Instituto de Ecología, A.C. 1993-08-01 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion artículo evaluado por pares application/pdf https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/677 10.21829/abm24.1993.677 Acta Botanica Mexicana; No. 24 (1993); 1-96 Acta Botanica Mexicana; Núm. 24 (1993); 1-96 2448-7589 0187-7151 spa https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/677/843 Derechos de autor 2016 Acta Botanica Mexicana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Palacios Chavez, Rodolfo Rzedowski, Jerzy Palynological study of the fossil floras of the Lower Miocene and early Middle Miocene of the Pichucalco region, Chiapas, Mexico |
| title | Palynological study of the fossil floras of the Lower Miocene and early Middle Miocene of the Pichucalco region, Chiapas, Mexico |
| title_full | Palynological study of the fossil floras of the Lower Miocene and early Middle Miocene of the Pichucalco region, Chiapas, Mexico |
| title_fullStr | Palynological study of the fossil floras of the Lower Miocene and early Middle Miocene of the Pichucalco region, Chiapas, Mexico |
| title_full_unstemmed | Palynological study of the fossil floras of the Lower Miocene and early Middle Miocene of the Pichucalco region, Chiapas, Mexico |
| title_short | Palynological study of the fossil floras of the Lower Miocene and early Middle Miocene of the Pichucalco region, Chiapas, Mexico |
| title_sort | palynological study of the fossil floras of the lower miocene and early middle miocene of the pichucalco region, chiapas, mexico |
| url | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/677 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT palacioschavezrodolfo palynologicalstudyofthefossilflorasofthelowermioceneandearlymiddlemioceneofthepichucalcoregionchiapasmexico AT rzedowskijerzy palynologicalstudyofthefossilflorasofthelowermioceneandearlymiddlemioceneofthepichucalcoregionchiapasmexico AT palacioschavezrodolfo estudiopalinologicodelasflorasfosilesdelmiocenoinferioryprincipiosdelmiocenomediodelaregiondepichucalcochiapasmexico AT rzedowskijerzy estudiopalinologicodelasflorasfosilesdelmiocenoinferioryprincipiosdelmiocenomediodelaregiondepichucalcochiapasmexico |
