Lignin: composition, synthesis and evolution
Lignin is one of the main structures of the cell wall of plants and its composition varies between taxonomic groups. The objective of this study was to review the structure of lignin, the process of lignification and the proposals of evolutionary patterns of its evolution. For this, the existing lit...
| Hlavní autoři: | , , , , |
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| Médium: | Online |
| Jazyk: | spa |
| Vydáno: |
Instituto de Ecología, A.C.
2021
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| On-line přístup: | https://myb.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/myb/article/view/2137 |
| _version_ | 1799769412268457984 |
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| author | Maceda, Agustín Soto-Hernández, Marcos Peña-Valdivia, Cecilia B. Trejo, Carlos Terrazas, Teresa |
| author_facet | Maceda, Agustín Soto-Hernández, Marcos Peña-Valdivia, Cecilia B. Trejo, Carlos Terrazas, Teresa |
| author_sort | Maceda, Agustín |
| collection | MYB |
| description | Lignin is one of the main structures of the cell wall of plants and its composition varies between taxonomic groups. The objective of this study was to review the structure of lignin, the process of lignification and the proposals of evolutionary patterns of its evolution. For this, the existing literature was reviewed, each point was analyzed and explained to finally propose an evolutionary hypothesis of the lignification process in angiosperms. Lignin is composed of various monomers and polymers, its biosynthesis occurs in plastids and endoplasmic reticulum, to subsequently polymerize through different enzymatic groups in the cell wall, where the cooperative lignification process occurs. During the evolution of plants, the genetic and enzymatic systems for the biosynthesis of lignin were developed. The two main types of lignin that accumulate in the tracheary elements of plants are guayacil-type lignin and syringyl/guayacil type lignin. The presence of syringyl in Isoetes, Selaginella, Lycophyta and algae species due to evolutionary convergence conferred resistance to pathogens and UV rays. The occurrence of catalytically functional promiscuous enzymes led to the appearance of lignin, suberine and cutin; in addition, the anatomical and chemical diversification of the cell wall in angiosperms allowed their distribution in different environmental conditions. |
| format | Online |
| id | oai:oai.myb.ojs.inecol.mx:article-2137 |
| institution | Madera y Bosques |
| language | spa |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Instituto de Ecología, A.C. |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:oai.myb.ojs.inecol.mx:article-21372022-11-29T22:24:33Z Lignin: composition, synthesis and evolution Lignina: composición, síntesis y evolución Maceda, Agustín Soto-Hernández, Marcos Peña-Valdivia, Cecilia B. Trejo, Carlos Terrazas, Teresa lignina convergencia evolutiva siringilo guayacilo diversificación evolutionary convergence diversification guaiacyl lignin syringyl Lignin is one of the main structures of the cell wall of plants and its composition varies between taxonomic groups. The objective of this study was to review the structure of lignin, the process of lignification and the proposals of evolutionary patterns of its evolution. For this, the existing literature was reviewed, each point was analyzed and explained to finally propose an evolutionary hypothesis of the lignification process in angiosperms. Lignin is composed of various monomers and polymers, its biosynthesis occurs in plastids and endoplasmic reticulum, to subsequently polymerize through different enzymatic groups in the cell wall, where the cooperative lignification process occurs. During the evolution of plants, the genetic and enzymatic systems for the biosynthesis of lignin were developed. The two main types of lignin that accumulate in the tracheary elements of plants are guayacil-type lignin and syringyl/guayacil type lignin. The presence of syringyl in Isoetes, Selaginella, Lycophyta and algae species due to evolutionary convergence conferred resistance to pathogens and UV rays. The occurrence of catalytically functional promiscuous enzymes led to the appearance of lignin, suberine and cutin; in addition, the anatomical and chemical diversification of the cell wall in angiosperms allowed their distribution in different environmental conditions. La lignina es una de las principales estructuras de la pared celular de las plantas y varía en su composición entre los grupos taxonómicos. El objetivo de este estudio fue revisar la estructura de la lignina, el proceso de lignificación y las propuestas de patrones de evolución de esta. Para esto se revisó la literatura existente, cada punto se analizó y explicó para finalmente proponer una hipótesis evolutiva del proceso de lignificación en angiospermas. La lignina está compuesta por diversos monómeros y polímeros, su biosíntesis ocurre en plastidios y retículo endoplasmático, para posteriormente polimerizarse mediante diferentes grupos enzimáticos en la pared celular, donde ocurre el proceso de lignificación cooperativa. Durante la evolución de las plantas se desarrollaron los sistemas genéticos y enzimáticos para la biosíntesis de la lignina. Los dos principales tipos de lignina que se acumulan en los elementos traqueales de las plantas son lignina de tipo guayacilo y lignina de tipo siringilo/guayacilo. La presencia de siringilo en especies de Isoetes, Selaginella, Lycophyta y algas por convergencia evolutiva confirió resistencia a patógenos y rayos UV. La presencia de enzimas promiscuas catalíticamente funcionales propició la aparición de lignina, suberina y cutina, además de que la diversificación anatómica y química de la pared celular en angiospermas favorecieron su distribución en diferentes condiciones ambientales. Instituto de Ecología, A.C. 2021-12-22 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Revisión bibliográfica evaluada por pares text/xml application/pdf https://myb.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/myb/article/view/2137 10.21829/myb.2021.2722137 Madera y Bosques; Vol. 27 No. 2 (2021): Summer 2021; e2722137 Madera y Bosques; Vol. 27 Núm. 2 (2021): Verano 2021; e2722137 2448-7597 1405-0471 spa https://myb.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/myb/article/view/2137/2337 https://myb.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/myb/article/view/2137/2284 10.21829/myb.2019.251593 10.21829/myb.2018.241458 Derechos de autor 2021 Madera y Bosques http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Maceda, Agustín Soto-Hernández, Marcos Peña-Valdivia, Cecilia B. Trejo, Carlos Terrazas, Teresa Lignin: composition, synthesis and evolution |
| title | Lignin: composition, synthesis and evolution |
| title_full | Lignin: composition, synthesis and evolution |
| title_fullStr | Lignin: composition, synthesis and evolution |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lignin: composition, synthesis and evolution |
| title_short | Lignin: composition, synthesis and evolution |
| title_sort | lignin: composition, synthesis and evolution |
| url | https://myb.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/myb/article/view/2137 |
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