Posibilidades financieras de diversificación en cafetales mexicanos
The cultivation of coffee is a form of land use that has competed with the natural forest on cloud forest lands for many years. Thus, the study of alternative technological options for growing coffee is, in particular those that result in the development of a forest-like structure, as is the case fo...
| Auteurs principaux: | , |
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| Format: | Online |
| Langue: | spa |
| Publié: |
Instituto de Ecología, A.C.
2016
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| Accès en ligne: | https://myb.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/myb/article/view/1391 |
| _version_ | 1799769313710702592 |
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| author | Sosa M., Arminda Mendoza B., Martín Alfonso |
| author_facet | Sosa M., Arminda Mendoza B., Martín Alfonso |
| author_sort | Sosa M., Arminda |
| collection | MYB |
| description | The cultivation of coffee is a form of land use that has competed with the natural forest on cloud forest lands for many years. Thus, the study of alternative technological options for growing coffee is, in particular those that result in the development of a forest-like structure, as is the case for alternative techniques using an arboreal upper canopy, as well as those that use an understory ground cover. The introduction of the camedor palm (Chamaedorea elegans), and the macadamia nut tree (Macadamia spp), as implemented coffe growers themselves, seems to be an effective way to add to the coffee plantation biodiversity, with the added benefit of buffering the effects of violent price fluctuations characteristic of international coffee markets. Financial analyses presented provide evidence for the profitability of mixed crops of coffee, camedor, and macadamia, although the results of other coffee growing techniques have better financial profiles. In general, intensive regimes performed better than traditional techniques, with unshadowed intensive plantations being the most profitable by a wide margin. Intensive shaded coffee and organic coffee were the other two alternatives used as references. Macadamia requires a substantial initial capital investment indicating better returns when it is grown as a single crop. Analyses assume free input and products markets, fair real values, as of spring 1995 in Mexico, and a private real discount rate (estimated at 5%). Yield and other biological parameters were taken from empirical data sources available locally. |
| format | Online |
| id | oai:oai.myb.ojs.inecol.mx:article-1391 |
| institution | Madera y Bosques |
| language | spa |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | Instituto de Ecología, A.C. |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:oai.myb.ojs.inecol.mx:article-13912022-11-30T02:09:22Z Posibilidades financieras de diversificación en cafetales mexicanos Posibilidades financieras de diversificación en cafetales mexicanos Sosa M., Arminda Mendoza B., Martín Alfonso Risk reduction diversification mixed coffee crops macadamia camedor organic coffee Reducción de riesgos diversificación cafetales en policultivo macadamia palma camedor café orgánico The cultivation of coffee is a form of land use that has competed with the natural forest on cloud forest lands for many years. Thus, the study of alternative technological options for growing coffee is, in particular those that result in the development of a forest-like structure, as is the case for alternative techniques using an arboreal upper canopy, as well as those that use an understory ground cover. The introduction of the camedor palm (Chamaedorea elegans), and the macadamia nut tree (Macadamia spp), as implemented coffe growers themselves, seems to be an effective way to add to the coffee plantation biodiversity, with the added benefit of buffering the effects of violent price fluctuations characteristic of international coffee markets. Financial analyses presented provide evidence for the profitability of mixed crops of coffee, camedor, and macadamia, although the results of other coffee growing techniques have better financial profiles. In general, intensive regimes performed better than traditional techniques, with unshadowed intensive plantations being the most profitable by a wide margin. Intensive shaded coffee and organic coffee were the other two alternatives used as references. Macadamia requires a substantial initial capital investment indicating better returns when it is grown as a single crop. Analyses assume free input and products markets, fair real values, as of spring 1995 in Mexico, and a private real discount rate (estimated at 5%). Yield and other biological parameters were taken from empirical data sources available locally. Por muchos años el cultivo del café ha sido un uso altamente socorrido para tierras de vocación forestal en zonas de bosque mesófilo de montaña. En este sentido es pertinente explorar las cualidades que puedan tener las variantes del cultivo que conducen hacia un paisaje y estructuras más cercanas a la del bosque natural, tal como el caso del empleo de cultivos asociados, sea como sombra o como de cobertura. La introducción de palma camedor (Chamaedorea elegans) y de la nuez de macadamia (Macadamia spp), dentro de cafetales es una estrategia iniciada por los mismos cafeticultores. En ella, simultáneamente se aporta diversidad, tanto en un aspecto biológico, como en el sentido de enfrentar los riesgos de un mercado internacional violentamente fluctuante, característico de este grano. Análisis financieros que comparan estas dos formas de cultivo con formas intensivas donde el café es el único producto, como el café con sombra de especies forestales, el café a pleno sol, y café orgánico, hacen ver que estas opciones son económicamente viables pero financieramente inferiores al café a sol, dado el actual escenario económico, justificándose el policultivo sólo para empresarios para los que los riesgos de mercados cafetaleros adversos sean inaceptables. Macadamia aparece como una inversión lo suficientemente fuerte en sí misma como para sugerir que se le desarrolle en monocultivo. La comparación asume mercados libres y establece condiciones de comparación de equidad que obligan a usar valores reales para insumos y productos, vigentes en México en la primavera de 1995, y un costo de capital privado real estimado en 5%. Los datos biológicos principales, como el rendimiento, provienen de evidencias empíricas, la mayoría mexicanas. Instituto de Ecología, A.C. 2016-09-06 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo evaluado por pares application/pdf https://myb.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/myb/article/view/1391 10.21829/myb.1996.211391 Madera y Bosques; Vol. 2 No. 1 (1996): Primavera 1996; 33-44 Madera y Bosques; Vol. 2 Núm. 1 (1996): Primavera 1996; 33-44 2448-7597 1405-0471 spa https://myb.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/myb/article/view/1391/1559 Derechos de autor 2016 Madera y Bosques |
| spellingShingle | Sosa M., Arminda Mendoza B., Martín Alfonso Posibilidades financieras de diversificación en cafetales mexicanos |
| title | Posibilidades financieras de diversificación en cafetales mexicanos |
| title_full | Posibilidades financieras de diversificación en cafetales mexicanos |
| title_fullStr | Posibilidades financieras de diversificación en cafetales mexicanos |
| title_full_unstemmed | Posibilidades financieras de diversificación en cafetales mexicanos |
| title_short | Posibilidades financieras de diversificación en cafetales mexicanos |
| title_sort | posibilidades financieras de diversificación en cafetales mexicanos |
| url | https://myb.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/myb/article/view/1391 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sosamarminda posibilidadesfinancierasdediversificacionencafetalesmexicanos AT mendozabmartinalfonso posibilidadesfinancierasdediversificacionencafetalesmexicanos |
