| Resumo: | Based on the revision of herbarium specimens and palynological evidence, a taxonomic study of the Mexican species of the genus Sicydium is proposed. A total of four species are recognized for Mexico: Sicydium davilae, endemic to the state of Chiapas, S. schiedeanum and S. tamnifolium, widely distributed in tropical America, and S. tuerckheimii, distributed from southern Mexico to Central America. The paper presents comments about the variation found in the most relevant morphological and palynological characters. The taxonomic part includes an identification key to the species, as well as descriptions, synonymy, habitat and geographic distribution data, and illustrations.
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