| Sumari: | The new species Calatola uxpanapensis is a tree of the evergreen and semievergreen rain forests of Mexico (Veracruz), Guatemala (Petén and Izabal), and Belize. The new species has been confused with C. laevigata, a rarer species of the Mexican Pacific slope, but differs markedly from that species in its larger broadly ellipsoid fruits with deeply reticulate and ribbed endocarps. The two allopatric species also differ in details of the female and male inflorescences and habitat. Data on the field characteristics, phenology, and distribution of C. uxpanapensis are included, as well as distributional data for C. laevigata. The occurrence of material referable to C. costaricensis in Mexico is reported, and a key to the four known Mexican species of the genus is presented.
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