Environmental variables associated with the distribution of two Magnolia species (Magnoliaceae) in the Colombian Andes
Background and Aims: Some Magnolia species have a highly restricted distribution, making them highly vulnerable to extinction, considering the current degradation caused by human activities. Little is known about the effect of environmental variables and land use on their natural populations. Theref...
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| Format: | Online |
| Sprache: | spa |
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Instituto de Ecología, A.C.
2024
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| Online Zugang: | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/2287 |
| _version_ | 1799771442055741440 |
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| author | Santa-Ceballos, Juan Pablo Restrepo-Riaño, Maria Antonia Montoya , Jorge Ignacio Giraldo, Jorge A. Serna-González, Marcela Urrego Giraldo, Ligia Estela |
| author_facet | Santa-Ceballos, Juan Pablo Restrepo-Riaño, Maria Antonia Montoya , Jorge Ignacio Giraldo, Jorge A. Serna-González, Marcela Urrego Giraldo, Ligia Estela |
| author_sort | Santa-Ceballos, Juan Pablo |
| collection | ABM |
| description | Background and Aims: Some Magnolia species have a highly restricted distribution, making them highly vulnerable to extinction, considering the current degradation caused by human activities. Little is known about the effect of environmental variables and land use on their natural populations. Therefore, this study analyzes the distribution of two endangered Magnolia species, Magnolia jardinensis and M. yarumalensis, and their relationship with environmental variables and land cover.
Methods: Field trips were carried out in the northwestern Andes of Colombia, where individuals of both species were georeferenced. In addition, herbarium records and global biodiversity databases (GBIF) were used to obtain additional information on location. topographic, vegetation cover, and climate data (WorldClim) were employed, including maximum temperature of the warmest month (Tmax), minimum temperature of the coldest month (Tmin), annual precipitation (PPT), precipitation of the wettest quarter (PTH), and precipitation of the driest quarter (PTS).
Key results: The results indicate that the geographical distribution of these Magnolia species is restricted and with variations in altitudinal ranges (M. jardinensis: 1995.46-2667.49 m a.s.l.; M. yarumalensis: 1648.05-2759.59 m a.s.l.). Although both species are associated with humid and very humid environments, significant differences were observed between the precipitation of the sites where the two species grow (M. jardinensis: 2363.94 mm/year, 752.33 mm PTH, 384.73 mm PTS; M. yarumalensis: 2464.88 mm/year, 814.21 mm PTH, 356.25 mm PTS). Furthermore, it was evident that most trees grow in areas affected by human activities, such as secondary vegetation, clean pastures, and forest plantations.
Conclusions: Restriction in distribution ranges and disturbance conditions where these species occur increase their risk of extinction, especially concerning increasing temperatures in the context of current climate change. Both magnolias could be considered species with extremely small populations. |
| format | Online |
| id | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-2287 |
| institution | Acta Botanica Mexicana |
| language | spa |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Instituto de Ecología, A.C. |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-22872024-03-22T20:42:36Z Environmental variables associated with the distribution of two Magnolia species (Magnoliaceae) in the Colombian Andes Variables ambientales asociadas a la distribución de dos especies de Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) de los Andes colombianos Santa-Ceballos, Juan Pablo Restrepo-Riaño, Maria Antonia Montoya , Jorge Ignacio Giraldo, Jorge A. Serna-González, Marcela Urrego Giraldo, Ligia Estela Magnolia jardinensis Magnolia yarumalensis rangos de distribución variables climáticas climate variables distribution ranges Magnolia jardinensis Magnolia yarumalensis. Background and Aims: Some Magnolia species have a highly restricted distribution, making them highly vulnerable to extinction, considering the current degradation caused by human activities. Little is known about the effect of environmental variables and land use on their natural populations. Therefore, this study analyzes the distribution of two endangered Magnolia species, Magnolia jardinensis and M. yarumalensis, and their relationship with environmental variables and land cover. Methods: Field trips were carried out in the northwestern Andes of Colombia, where individuals of both species were georeferenced. In addition, herbarium records and global biodiversity databases (GBIF) were used to obtain additional information on location. topographic, vegetation cover, and climate data (WorldClim) were employed, including maximum temperature of the warmest month (Tmax), minimum temperature of the coldest month (Tmin), annual precipitation (PPT), precipitation of the wettest quarter (PTH), and precipitation of the driest quarter (PTS). Key results: The results indicate that the geographical distribution of these Magnolia species is restricted and with variations in altitudinal ranges (M. jardinensis: 1995.46-2667.49 m a.s.l.; M. yarumalensis: 1648.05-2759.59 m a.s.l.). Although both species are associated with humid and very humid environments, significant differences were observed between the precipitation of the sites where the two species grow (M. jardinensis: 2363.94 mm/year, 752.33 mm PTH, 384.73 mm PTS; M. yarumalensis: 2464.88 mm/year, 814.21 mm PTH, 356.25 mm PTS). Furthermore, it was evident that most trees grow in areas affected by human activities, such as secondary vegetation, clean pastures, and forest plantations. Conclusions: Restriction in distribution ranges and disturbance conditions where these species occur increase their risk of extinction, especially concerning increasing temperatures in the context of current climate change. Both magnolias could be considered species with extremely small populations. Antecedentes y Objetivos: Algunas especies de Magnolia presentan una distribución muy restringida, situación que las hace altamente vulnerables a la extinción, teniendo en cuenta la degradación actual causada por las actividades humanas. Poco se conoce sobre el efecto de las variables ambientales y el uso del suelo en sus poblaciones naturales. Por lo que, este estudio analiza la distribución de dos especies de Magnolia en peligro de extinción, Magnolia jardinensis y M. yarumalensis, y su relación con variables ambientales y de cobertura del suelo. Métodos: Se realizaron recorridos de campo en los Andes noroccidentales de Colombia, donde se georreferenciaron individuos de ambas especies. Además, se recurrió a registros de herbarios y bases de datos globales (GBIF) para obtener información sobre su ubicación. Se empleó información topográfica, de cobertura y de clima (WordClim): temperatura máxima del mes más cálido (Tmax), temperatura mínima del mes más frío (Tmin), precipitación anual (PPT), precipitación del trimestre más húmedo (PTH) y la precipitación del trimestre más seco (PTS). Resultados clave: Los resultados indican que la distribución geográfica de estas especies es restringida y con variaciones en rangos altitudinales (M. jardinensis: 1995-2667 m s.n.m.; M. yarumalensis: 1648-2760 m s.n.m.). Aunque ambas especies se asocian a ambientes húmedos y muy húmedos, se observaron diferencias significativas entre la precipitación de los sitios donde crecen ambas especies (M. jardinensis: 2363.94 mm/año, 752.33 mm PTH, 384.73 mm PTS; M. yarumalensis: 2464.88 mm/año, 814.21 mm PTH, 356.25 mm PTS). Además, una proporción considerable de los árboles crece en áreas afectadas por actividades humanas, tales como vegetación secundaria, pastos limpios y plantaciones forestales. Conclusiones: La restricción en los rangos de distribución y las condiciones de perturbación aumentan su riesgo de extinción, especialmente dado el aumento de temperatura en el contexto del cambio climático actual. Ambas magnolias podrían considerarse como especies con poblaciones extremadamente pequeñas. Instituto de Ecología, A.C. 2024-03-22 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf application/epub+zip https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/2287 10.21829/abm131.2024.2287 Acta Botanica Mexicana; No. 131 (2024) Acta Botanica Mexicana; Núm. 131 (2024) 2448-7589 0187-7151 spa https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/2287/4517 https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/2287/4518 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Santa-Ceballos, Juan Pablo Restrepo-Riaño, Maria Antonia Montoya , Jorge Ignacio Giraldo, Jorge A. Serna-González, Marcela Urrego Giraldo, Ligia Estela Environmental variables associated with the distribution of two Magnolia species (Magnoliaceae) in the Colombian Andes |
| title | Environmental variables associated with the distribution of two Magnolia species (Magnoliaceae) in the Colombian Andes |
| title_full | Environmental variables associated with the distribution of two Magnolia species (Magnoliaceae) in the Colombian Andes |
| title_fullStr | Environmental variables associated with the distribution of two Magnolia species (Magnoliaceae) in the Colombian Andes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Environmental variables associated with the distribution of two Magnolia species (Magnoliaceae) in the Colombian Andes |
| title_short | Environmental variables associated with the distribution of two Magnolia species (Magnoliaceae) in the Colombian Andes |
| title_sort | environmental variables associated with the distribution of two magnolia species (magnoliaceae) in the colombian andes |
| url | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/2287 |
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