Identification of the alga Cephaleuros virescens s.l. in blackberry plants (Rubus sp.) in the state of Michoacán, Mexico
Background and Aims: The species of algae that integrate the genus Cephaleuros induce diseases in more than 300 plant species worldwide. In Mexico, only Cephaleuros virescens has been identified infecting avocado, guava, lemon and mango leaves. In blackberry cultivation, only have been reported in t...
| Principais autores: | , , |
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| Formato: | Online |
| Idioma: | spa |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto de Ecología, A.C.
2023
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| Acesso em linha: | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/2260 |
| _version_ | 1799771439848488960 |
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| author | Cortés-Martínez, Jazmín Cruz-Esteban, Samuel Garay-Serrano, Edith |
| author_facet | Cortés-Martínez, Jazmín Cruz-Esteban, Samuel Garay-Serrano, Edith |
| author_sort | Cortés-Martínez, Jazmín |
| collection | ABM |
| description | Background and Aims: The species of algae that integrate the genus Cephaleuros induce diseases in more than 300 plant species worldwide. In Mexico, only Cephaleuros virescens has been identified infecting avocado, guava, lemon and mango leaves. In blackberry cultivation, only have been reported in the United States of America. This work aimed to identify the causal agent of the disease "orange spot" that affects blackberry plants (Rubus sp. cv. Tupy) in two areas of Michoacán, which represents a phytosanitary and ecological problem due to the agrochemicals used to combat it.
Methods: To identify the causal agent, tissue from infected stems was examined for structures. Measurements were compared with data from related species: C. diffusus, C. parasiticus, and C. virescens. In addition, molecular data were integrated by extracting DNA from tissue of orange spots collected in the field at two sampling sites, amplification of the ITS and 18S DNA regions was performed and the sequences obtained, together with sequences of Cephaleuros from America, South Africa, and Asia from GenBank, were integrated into a data matrix for phylogenetic analyses.
Key results: Following morphological and molecular analyses, C. virescens sensu lato (s.l.) was identified as the causal agent of the spots spreading along blackberry stems, mainly on third- and fourth-year plants. To date, C. virescens had only been reported on blackberry stems in the southeastern United States of America.
Conclusions: Orange spotting on blackberry canes is caused by the alga Cephaleuros virescens (s.l.). This represents the first report of this species affecting blackberry in Mexico. Following phylogenetic analyses, it has been concluded that this is the same species that causes the disease on blackberries in the United States of America. |
| format | Online |
| id | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-2260 |
| institution | Acta Botanica Mexicana |
| language | spa |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | Instituto de Ecología, A.C. |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-22602024-02-01T00:31:59Z Identification of the alga Cephaleuros virescens s.l. in blackberry plants (Rubus sp.) in the state of Michoacán, Mexico Identificación del alga Cephaleuros virescens s.l. en plantas de zarzamora (Rubus sp.) en el estado de Michoacán, México Cortés-Martínez, Jazmín Cruz-Esteban, Samuel Garay-Serrano, Edith berries fitopatógenos infección mancha naranja berries infection orange spot phytopathogens Background and Aims: The species of algae that integrate the genus Cephaleuros induce diseases in more than 300 plant species worldwide. In Mexico, only Cephaleuros virescens has been identified infecting avocado, guava, lemon and mango leaves. In blackberry cultivation, only have been reported in the United States of America. This work aimed to identify the causal agent of the disease "orange spot" that affects blackberry plants (Rubus sp. cv. Tupy) in two areas of Michoacán, which represents a phytosanitary and ecological problem due to the agrochemicals used to combat it. Methods: To identify the causal agent, tissue from infected stems was examined for structures. Measurements were compared with data from related species: C. diffusus, C. parasiticus, and C. virescens. In addition, molecular data were integrated by extracting DNA from tissue of orange spots collected in the field at two sampling sites, amplification of the ITS and 18S DNA regions was performed and the sequences obtained, together with sequences of Cephaleuros from America, South Africa, and Asia from GenBank, were integrated into a data matrix for phylogenetic analyses. Key results: Following morphological and molecular analyses, C. virescens sensu lato (s.l.) was identified as the causal agent of the spots spreading along blackberry stems, mainly on third- and fourth-year plants. To date, C. virescens had only been reported on blackberry stems in the southeastern United States of America. Conclusions: Orange spotting on blackberry canes is caused by the alga Cephaleuros virescens (s.l.). This represents the first report of this species affecting blackberry in Mexico. Following phylogenetic analyses, it has been concluded that this is the same species that causes the disease on blackberries in the United States of America. Antecedentes y Objetivos: Las especies de algas que conforman el género Cephaleuros inducen enfermedades en más de 300 especies de plantas en todo el mundo. En México se ha identificado que Cephaleuros virescens infecta hojas de aguacate, guayaba, limón y mango. En el cultivo de zarzamora solo se ha reportado en los Estados Unidos de América. En este trabajo se planteó identificar, en plantas de zarzamora (Rubus sp. cv. Tupy), al agente causal de la enfermedad “mancha naranja”que afecta las plantas de ese fruto en dos áreas del estado de Michoacán. Esta representa un problema fitosanitario y ecológico por los agroquímicos utilizados para combatirla. Métodos: Para identificar al agente causal, se examinó el tejido de los tallos de zarzamora infectados caracterizando estructuras y comparando con los datos de especies relacionadas: C. diffusus, C. parasiticus y C. virescens. Adicionalmente, se integraron datos moleculares al extraer el ADN de tejido de manchas naranjas colectadas en campo en dos sitios de muestreo, se realizó la amplificación de las regiones ITS y 18S del ADN y las secuencias obtenidas, junto con secuencias de Cephaleuros de América, Sudáfrica y Asia de GenBank, se integraron en una matriz de datos para la realización de los análisis filogenéticos. Resultados clave: Con análisis morfológicos y moleculares, se identificó a C. virescens sensu lato (s.l.) como el agente causal de las manchas que se propagan a lo largo de los tallos de zarzamora, principalmente en plantas de tercer y cuarto año. Hasta la fecha, C. virescens afectaba exclusivamente al cultivo de zarzamora en el sureste de los Estados Unidos de América. Conclusiones: El manchado naranja en los tallos de zarzamora es causado por el alga Cephaleuros virescens (s.l.). El presente estudio representa el primer reporte de esta especie afectando zarzamora en México. Los análisis filogenéticos permiten concluir que se trata de la misma especie que provoca la enfermedad en zarzamora en los Estados Unidos de América. Instituto de Ecología, A.C. 2023-11-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf application/epub+zip https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/2260 10.21829/abm130.2023.2260 Acta Botanica Mexicana; No. 130 (2023) Acta Botanica Mexicana; Núm. 130 (2023) 2448-7589 0187-7151 spa https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/2260/4468 https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/2260/4469 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Cortés-Martínez, Jazmín Cruz-Esteban, Samuel Garay-Serrano, Edith Identification of the alga Cephaleuros virescens s.l. in blackberry plants (Rubus sp.) in the state of Michoacán, Mexico |
| title | Identification of the alga Cephaleuros virescens s.l. in blackberry plants (Rubus sp.) in the state of Michoacán, Mexico |
| title_full | Identification of the alga Cephaleuros virescens s.l. in blackberry plants (Rubus sp.) in the state of Michoacán, Mexico |
| title_fullStr | Identification of the alga Cephaleuros virescens s.l. in blackberry plants (Rubus sp.) in the state of Michoacán, Mexico |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification of the alga Cephaleuros virescens s.l. in blackberry plants (Rubus sp.) in the state of Michoacán, Mexico |
| title_short | Identification of the alga Cephaleuros virescens s.l. in blackberry plants (Rubus sp.) in the state of Michoacán, Mexico |
| title_sort | identification of the alga cephaleuros virescens s.l. in blackberry plants (rubus sp.) in the state of michoacán, mexico |
| url | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/2260 |
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