Reproductive biology of Gongora galeata (Orchidaceae) in central Veracruz, Mexico
Background and Aims: Outcrossing pollination mediated by euglossine bees has played an important role in evolving complex floral traits in orchids, so their study denotes the adaptation processes in highly specialized pollination systems. Anthesis time, floral display size, flower development, trans...
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| Format: | Online |
| Język: | spa |
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Instituto de Ecología, A.C.
2022
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| Dostęp online: | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/2065 |
| _version_ | 1799771418371555328 |
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| author | Hernández-Ramírez, Angélica María |
| author_facet | Hernández-Ramírez, Angélica María |
| author_sort | Hernández-Ramírez, Angélica María |
| collection | ABM |
| description | Background and Aims: Outcrossing pollination mediated by euglossine bees has played an important role in evolving complex floral traits in orchids, so their study denotes the adaptation processes in highly specialized pollination systems. Anthesis time, floral display size, flower development, transition of sexual function, pollinator identity and behavior, and reproductive output of Gongora galeata were determined in Veracruz, Mexico.
Methods: Floral phenology of 25 individuals of Gongora galeata was surveyed during two flowering seasons (2017-2018) in a locality in order to study the reproductive biology of the species. Additionally, sexual function transition in the flower was studied in 15 individuals.
Key results: Gongora galeata showed asynchronous flowering, with around 17 flowers arranged in two inflorescences by plant. Floral buds developed three days earlier in 2017 than in 2018. Floral anthesis lasted for 3-4 days, initiating in staminate phase. Pollinaria removal triggered, but did not constrain, the change to pistillate phase in flowers. Male individuals of Euglossa villosa visited and pollinated by slide mechanism the flowers of orchid. The bees visited one hour earlier the flowers of the orchid in 2017 than in 2018, resulting in a 70% increase of fruit production in 2017.
Conclusions: Gongora galeata exhibited changes in its flowering phenology and the sexual function transition in the flower was an inherent process on the plant and independent on the activity of Euglossa villosa. This study highlights the importance to understand the functioning of specialized pollination systems in face of future changes in the pollination system. |
| format | Online |
| id | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-2065 |
| institution | Acta Botanica Mexicana |
| language | spa |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | Instituto de Ecología, A.C. |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-20652022-12-05T22:54:54Z Reproductive biology of Gongora galeata (Orchidaceae) in central Veracruz, Mexico Biología reproductiva de Gongora galeata (Orchidaceae) en el centro de Veracruz, México Hernández-Ramírez, Angélica María dichogamy floral development sexual phase change specialized pollinator. cambio de fase sexual desarrollo floral dicogamia polinización especializada. Background and Aims: Outcrossing pollination mediated by euglossine bees has played an important role in evolving complex floral traits in orchids, so their study denotes the adaptation processes in highly specialized pollination systems. Anthesis time, floral display size, flower development, transition of sexual function, pollinator identity and behavior, and reproductive output of Gongora galeata were determined in Veracruz, Mexico. Methods: Floral phenology of 25 individuals of Gongora galeata was surveyed during two flowering seasons (2017-2018) in a locality in order to study the reproductive biology of the species. Additionally, sexual function transition in the flower was studied in 15 individuals. Key results: Gongora galeata showed asynchronous flowering, with around 17 flowers arranged in two inflorescences by plant. Floral buds developed three days earlier in 2017 than in 2018. Floral anthesis lasted for 3-4 days, initiating in staminate phase. Pollinaria removal triggered, but did not constrain, the change to pistillate phase in flowers. Male individuals of Euglossa villosa visited and pollinated by slide mechanism the flowers of orchid. The bees visited one hour earlier the flowers of the orchid in 2017 than in 2018, resulting in a 70% increase of fruit production in 2017. Conclusions: Gongora galeata exhibited changes in its flowering phenology and the sexual function transition in the flower was an inherent process on the plant and independent on the activity of Euglossa villosa. This study highlights the importance to understand the functioning of specialized pollination systems in face of future changes in the pollination system. Antecedentes y Objetivos: La polinización cruzada mediada por abejas euglosinas ha jugado un papel importante en la evolución de rasgos florales complejos en orquídeas, por lo que su estudio denota los procesos de adaptación en sistemas de polinización altamente especializados. En este trabajo se determinó el tiempo de antesis, y despliegue y desarrollo floral; la transición de la función sexual; la identidad y comportamiento de los polinizadores, y rendimiento reproductivo de Gongora galeata en Veracruz, México. Métodos: Se siguió la fenología floral de 25 individuos de Gongora galeata durante dos estaciones de floración (2017-2018) en una localidad, para estudiar su biología reproductiva. Adicionalmente, se observó la transición de la función sexual en la flor en 15 individuos. Resultados clave: Gongora galeata mostró una floración asincrónica, con cerca de 17 flores dispuestas en dos inflorescencias por planta. Los botones florales se desarrollaron tres días antes en 2017 que en 2018. La antesis de la flor fue de 3-4 días, iniciando en fase estaminada. La remoción del polinario desencadenó, pero no determinó, el cambio a la fase pistilada en las flores. Los individuos macho de Euglossa villosa visitaron y polinizaron por mecanismo de deslizamiento las flores de la orquídea. Las abejas visitaron una hora antes las flores de la orquídea en 2017 con respecto a 2018, resultando en un incremento de 70% en la producción de frutos en 2017. Conclusiones: Gongora galeata exhibió cambios en su fenología de floración y la transición de la función sexual de la flor fue un proceso inherente de la planta e independiente de la actividad de Euglossa villosa. Este estudio destaca la importancia de comprender el funcionamiento de los sistemas de polinización especializados ante futuros cambios en el sistema de polinización. Instituto de Ecología, A.C. 2022-08-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion artículo evaluado por pares application/pdf text/xml application/epub+zip https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/2065 10.21829/abm129.2022.2065 Acta Botanica Mexicana; No. 129 (2022) Acta Botanica Mexicana; Núm. 129 (2022) 2448-7589 0187-7151 spa https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/2065/4247 https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/2065/4307 https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/2065/4248 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Hernández-Ramírez, Angélica María Reproductive biology of Gongora galeata (Orchidaceae) in central Veracruz, Mexico |
| title | Reproductive biology of Gongora galeata (Orchidaceae) in central Veracruz, Mexico |
| title_full | Reproductive biology of Gongora galeata (Orchidaceae) in central Veracruz, Mexico |
| title_fullStr | Reproductive biology of Gongora galeata (Orchidaceae) in central Veracruz, Mexico |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reproductive biology of Gongora galeata (Orchidaceae) in central Veracruz, Mexico |
| title_short | Reproductive biology of Gongora galeata (Orchidaceae) in central Veracruz, Mexico |
| title_sort | reproductive biology of gongora galeata (orchidaceae) in central veracruz, mexico |
| url | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/2065 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hernandezramirezangelicamaria reproductivebiologyofgongoragaleataorchidaceaeincentralveracruzmexico AT hernandezramirezangelicamaria biologiareproductivadegongoragaleataorchidaceaeenelcentrodeveracruzmexico |
