Comparative estimations of betalains and sugars in fruits of five species of Selenicereus (Cactaceae): Betalains and sugars in pitahayas
Background and Aims: Betalains are water pigments reported for most species in the order Caryophyllales, to which the family Cactaceae belongs, with benefits as antioxidants in nutrition and human health. The objective of this paper is to determine the quantity of the betalains (betaxanthins and bet...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Online |
| Language: | eng spa |
| Published: |
Instituto de Ecología, A.C.
2022
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| Online Access: | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1991 |
| _version_ | 1799771411745603584 |
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| author | Pérez-Orozco, Arith F. Sosa, Victoria |
| author_facet | Pérez-Orozco, Arith F. Sosa, Victoria |
| author_sort | Pérez-Orozco, Arith F. |
| collection | ABM |
| description | Background and Aims: Betalains are water pigments reported for most species in the order Caryophyllales, to which the family Cactaceae belongs, with benefits as antioxidants in nutrition and human health. The objective of this paper is to determine the quantity of the betalains (betaxanthins and betacyanins) and sugars present in five taxa of Selenicereus, from the Hylocereus clade, commonly utilized for their edible fruit, including S. ocamponis which is an underutilized species, and scarcely cultivated in Mexico.
Methods: Fruits from wild and cultivated plants were collected in Puebla, Veracruz and Yucatán (Mexico) and Valle del Cauca (Colombia) between April and June 2019, and their betalain and sugar content were estimated from frozen fruit. The method proposed by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists was followed to estimate the sugar content. A spectrophotometric method was utilized for estimation of betalains.
Key results: The highest total betalain content was found in species with fruits of purple pulp and pericarp such as S. ocamponis (5.30 and 4.03 mg/100 g of fresh weight, respectively). Glucose and fructose content was considerable in some samples: S. undatus with 5.99 and 2.87 mg/100 g and S. ocamponis with 5.30 and 4.03 mg/100 g respectively.
Conclusions: This study identified large variation in total betalain content in the pericarps of wild and cultivated fruits in S. undatus (2.47-37.11 mg/100 g of fresh weight), which might be related to their management and selection. Estimated total betalain content of wild plants of this species was higher than in some cultivated plants. These results suggest that wild S. undatus plants might represent a good source for breeding programs. The cultivation of species with purple pulp and pericarp should be promoted, so they can be utilized as colorants in food industry. |
| format | Online |
| id | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-1991 |
| institution | Acta Botanica Mexicana |
| language | eng spa |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | Instituto de Ecología, A.C. |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-19912022-04-04T18:10:18Z Comparative estimations of betalains and sugars in fruits of five species of Selenicereus (Cactaceae): Betalains and sugars in pitahayas Comparación del contenido de betalaínas y azúcares en frutos de cinco especies de Selenicereus (Cactaceae): Betalains and sugars in pitahayas Pérez-Orozco, Arith F. Sosa, Victoria antioxidant betacyanin betaxanthin fructose Hylocereus. antioxidante betacianinas betaxantinas fructosa Hylocereus. Background and Aims: Betalains are water pigments reported for most species in the order Caryophyllales, to which the family Cactaceae belongs, with benefits as antioxidants in nutrition and human health. The objective of this paper is to determine the quantity of the betalains (betaxanthins and betacyanins) and sugars present in five taxa of Selenicereus, from the Hylocereus clade, commonly utilized for their edible fruit, including S. ocamponis which is an underutilized species, and scarcely cultivated in Mexico. Methods: Fruits from wild and cultivated plants were collected in Puebla, Veracruz and Yucatán (Mexico) and Valle del Cauca (Colombia) between April and June 2019, and their betalain and sugar content were estimated from frozen fruit. The method proposed by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists was followed to estimate the sugar content. A spectrophotometric method was utilized for estimation of betalains. Key results: The highest total betalain content was found in species with fruits of purple pulp and pericarp such as S. ocamponis (5.30 and 4.03 mg/100 g of fresh weight, respectively). Glucose and fructose content was considerable in some samples: S. undatus with 5.99 and 2.87 mg/100 g and S. ocamponis with 5.30 and 4.03 mg/100 g respectively. Conclusions: This study identified large variation in total betalain content in the pericarps of wild and cultivated fruits in S. undatus (2.47-37.11 mg/100 g of fresh weight), which might be related to their management and selection. Estimated total betalain content of wild plants of this species was higher than in some cultivated plants. These results suggest that wild S. undatus plants might represent a good source for breeding programs. The cultivation of species with purple pulp and pericarp should be promoted, so they can be utilized as colorants in food industry. Antecedentes y Objetivos: Las betalaínas son pigmentos solubles en agua reportados para la mayoría de las especies en Caryophyllales, orden al que pertenece la familia Cactaceae. Estos pigmentos poseen beneficios en la nutrición y la salud humana como antioxidantes. El objetivo de este artículo es el de determinar la cantidad de betalaínas (betaxantinas y betacianinas) y azúcares presentes en cinco taxones de Selenicereus, del grupo Hylocereus, los cuales son comúnmente utilizados por sus frutos comestibles, incluyendo S. ocamponis, una especie subutilizada y escasamente cultivada en México. Métodos: Se recolectaron frutos de plantas silvestres y cultivadas en Puebla, Veracruz y Yucatán (México) y el Valle del Cauca en Colombia entre los meses de abril a junio de 2019, y se estimó el contenido de betalaínas y azúcares de sus frutos una vez congelados. Se siguió el método propuesto por la “Association of Official Analytical Chemists” para estimar el contenido de azúcares. Para la determinación de betalaínas se utilizaron métodos espectrofotométricos. Resultados clave: El mayor contenido de betalaínas se encontró en especies de frutos con pulpa y exocarpio púrpura como S. ocamponis (5.30 y 4.03 mg/100 g de peso fresco, respectivamente). El contenido de glucosa y fructosa en algunas muestras fue considerable: S. undatus con 5.99 y 2.87 mg/100 g y S. ocamponis con 5.30 y 4.03 mg/100 g, respectivamente. Conclusiones: Este estudio identificó una gran variación en el contenido total de betalaínas en el exocarpio de frutos silvestres y cultivados en S. undatus (2.47-37.11 mg/100 g de peso fresco), lo que podría estar relacionado con su manejo y selección. El contenido total estimado de betalaínas de plantas silvestres de esta especie fue más alto que en algunas plantas cultivadas. Estos resultados sugieren que las plantas silvestres de S. undatus representan un buen recurso para programas de reproducción. Se debe promover el cultivo de especies con frutos de pulpa y exocarpio de color púrpura para que puedan ser utilizados en la industria alimentaria como colorantes. Instituto de Ecología, A.C. 2022-01-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion artículo evaluado por pares application/pdf text/xml application/epub+zip https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1991 10.21829/abm129.2022.1991 Acta Botanica Mexicana; No. 129 (2022) Acta Botanica Mexicana; Núm. 129 (2022) 2448-7589 0187-7151 eng spa https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1991/4098 https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1991/4183 https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1991/4099 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Pérez-Orozco, Arith F. Sosa, Victoria Comparative estimations of betalains and sugars in fruits of five species of Selenicereus (Cactaceae): Betalains and sugars in pitahayas |
| title | Comparative estimations of betalains and sugars in fruits of five species of Selenicereus (Cactaceae): Betalains and sugars in pitahayas |
| title_full | Comparative estimations of betalains and sugars in fruits of five species of Selenicereus (Cactaceae): Betalains and sugars in pitahayas |
| title_fullStr | Comparative estimations of betalains and sugars in fruits of five species of Selenicereus (Cactaceae): Betalains and sugars in pitahayas |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative estimations of betalains and sugars in fruits of five species of Selenicereus (Cactaceae): Betalains and sugars in pitahayas |
| title_short | Comparative estimations of betalains and sugars in fruits of five species of Selenicereus (Cactaceae): Betalains and sugars in pitahayas |
| title_sort | comparative estimations of betalains and sugars in fruits of five species of selenicereus (cactaceae): betalains and sugars in pitahayas |
| url | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1991 |
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