Towards the restoration with Annona glabra (Annonaceae) of a freshwater swamp: seedling establishment and growth, and the accompanying vegetation change
Background and Aims: Currently, freshwater swamps are deteriorating and their cover is decreasing, mainly due to deforestation for livestock and the introduction of exotic grasses. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the survival and the growth of Annona glabra seedlings, monitor changes i...
| Autors principals: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Online |
| Idioma: | eng spa |
| Publicat: |
Instituto de Ecología, A.C.
2022
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| Accés en línia: | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1923 |
| _version_ | 1799771404702318592 |
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| author | Sánchez-García, Edgar Abel López Rosas, Hugo Sosa, Vinicio J. Lindig-Cisneros, Roberto Moreno-Casasola, Patricia |
| author_facet | Sánchez-García, Edgar Abel López Rosas, Hugo Sosa, Vinicio J. Lindig-Cisneros, Roberto Moreno-Casasola, Patricia |
| author_sort | Sánchez-García, Edgar Abel |
| collection | ABM |
| description | Background and Aims: Currently, freshwater swamps are deteriorating and their cover is decreasing, mainly due to deforestation for livestock and the introduction of exotic grasses. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the survival and the growth of Annona glabra seedlings, monitor changes in the accompanying vegetation, and estimate the cost of our experimental ecological restoration treatments in a freshwater swamp transformed into a flooded pasture and invaded by the exotic grass Echinochloa pyramidalis.Methods: The study was carried out on a floodplain surrounding a mangrove on the coast of central Veracruz, Mexico. It consisted of sowing four A. glabra seedlings in experimental quadrats exposed to different restoration techniques. Fifteen experimental restoration treatments were tested consisting of five restoration techniques (no modification, covering with plastic, planting Pontederia sagittata, soil removal, and raising the soil level), and three pretreatments applied to the seedlings planted (nursery seedlings with and without fertilizer, seedlings collected from the wetlands) in a random block design.Key results: Low seedling survival was recorded (30.7%), but this was higher for the seedlings from freshwater wetlands (41.1%). The highest percent survival was recorded where the soil was raised, followed by the soil removal technique. Regarding the vegetation, 40 species were recorded and the highest species richness was observed where the soil had been raised and where it had been removed. The Relative Importance Value was highest for Echinochloa pyramidalis, Mimosa pigra, and Annona glabra. The pretreatment of obtaining seedlings directly from the wetland was the cheapest one.Conclusions: Action is required to increase reforestation success. For future restoration projects, we recommend that the soil in the transplanting area be raised and covered with plastic before planting, to increase the probability of seedling survival and reduce grass cover. Moreover, seedlings collected from a swamp fragment should be used for reforestation. |
| format | Online |
| id | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-1923 |
| institution | Acta Botanica Mexicana |
| language | eng spa |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | Instituto de Ecología, A.C. |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-19232022-12-15T20:53:18Z Towards the restoration with Annona glabra (Annonaceae) of a freshwater swamp: seedling establishment and growth, and the accompanying vegetation change Hacia la restauración con Annona glabra (Annonaceae) de una selva inundable: establecimiento y crecimiento de plántulas, y cambio en la vegetación acompañante Sánchez-García, Edgar Abel López Rosas, Hugo Sosa, Vinicio J. Lindig-Cisneros, Roberto Moreno-Casasola, Patricia coastal wetland Echinochloa pyramidalis exotic pastures livestock Veracruz Echinochloa pyramidalis ganadería humedal costero pastos exóticos Veracruz Background and Aims: Currently, freshwater swamps are deteriorating and their cover is decreasing, mainly due to deforestation for livestock and the introduction of exotic grasses. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the survival and the growth of Annona glabra seedlings, monitor changes in the accompanying vegetation, and estimate the cost of our experimental ecological restoration treatments in a freshwater swamp transformed into a flooded pasture and invaded by the exotic grass Echinochloa pyramidalis.Methods: The study was carried out on a floodplain surrounding a mangrove on the coast of central Veracruz, Mexico. It consisted of sowing four A. glabra seedlings in experimental quadrats exposed to different restoration techniques. Fifteen experimental restoration treatments were tested consisting of five restoration techniques (no modification, covering with plastic, planting Pontederia sagittata, soil removal, and raising the soil level), and three pretreatments applied to the seedlings planted (nursery seedlings with and without fertilizer, seedlings collected from the wetlands) in a random block design.Key results: Low seedling survival was recorded (30.7%), but this was higher for the seedlings from freshwater wetlands (41.1%). The highest percent survival was recorded where the soil was raised, followed by the soil removal technique. Regarding the vegetation, 40 species were recorded and the highest species richness was observed where the soil had been raised and where it had been removed. The Relative Importance Value was highest for Echinochloa pyramidalis, Mimosa pigra, and Annona glabra. The pretreatment of obtaining seedlings directly from the wetland was the cheapest one.Conclusions: Action is required to increase reforestation success. For future restoration projects, we recommend that the soil in the transplanting area be raised and covered with plastic before planting, to increase the probability of seedling survival and reduce grass cover. Moreover, seedlings collected from a swamp fragment should be used for reforestation. Antecedentes y Objetivos: Actualmente existe deterioro y disminución de selvas inundables debido a la deforestación para ganadería e introducción de pastos exóticos. Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron evaluar el porcentaje de supervivencia de plántulas de Annona glabra, el cambio en la vegetación acompañante, y estimar los costos de los tratamientos experimentales de restauración ecológica de una selva inundable de A. glabra transformada en pastizal e invadida por el pasto exótico Echinochloa pyramidalis. Métodos: El estudio se realizó en un pastizal inundable en la costa central de Veracruz, México. Consistió en sembrar cuatro plántulas de A. glabra en cuadros experimentales expuestos a distintas técnicas de restauración. Se probaron 15 tratamientos experimentales que consistieron en cinco técnicas de restauración (sin modificación, cubierta plástica, plantación de Pontederia sagittata, remoción de suelo, y elevación del suelo) y tres pretratamientos aplicados a las plántulas sembradas (plántulas de vivero con y sin fertilizante, plántulas de selva) en un diseño de bloques al azar.Resultados clave: Se registró baja supervivencia de plántulas (30.7%), siendo mayor en plántulas de selva (41.1%). El mayor porcentaje de supervivencia se registró con la técnica de elevación del suelo, seguido de la de remoción. Se registraron 40 especies en la vegetación; la mayor riqueza específica se observó en las técnicas de elevación del nivel del suelo y remoción. Las especies con mayor Valor de Importancia Relativa fueron Echinochloa pyramidalis, Mimosa pigra y Annona glabra. El pretratamiento en el cual se obtuvieron las plántulas directamente de la selva fue el más económico.Conclusiones: Se requieren acciones para incrementar el éxito de la reforestación. Para futuros proyectos de restauración, recomendamos la elevación del suelo en áreas de transplante y cubierta de plástico previo a la plantación, para incrementar la probabilidad de supervivencia, y reducir la cobertura del pasto; además de la reforestación con plántulas colectadas de un fragmento de selva. Instituto de Ecología, A.C. 2022-08-26 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/xml application/epub+zip https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1923 10.21829/abm129.2022.1923 Acta Botanica Mexicana; No. 129 (2022) Acta Botanica Mexicana; Núm. 129 (2022) 2448-7589 0187-7151 eng spa https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1923/4261 https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1923/4334 https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1923/4262 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Sánchez-García, Edgar Abel López Rosas, Hugo Sosa, Vinicio J. Lindig-Cisneros, Roberto Moreno-Casasola, Patricia Towards the restoration with Annona glabra (Annonaceae) of a freshwater swamp: seedling establishment and growth, and the accompanying vegetation change |
| title | Towards the restoration with Annona glabra (Annonaceae) of a freshwater swamp: seedling establishment and growth, and the accompanying vegetation change |
| title_full | Towards the restoration with Annona glabra (Annonaceae) of a freshwater swamp: seedling establishment and growth, and the accompanying vegetation change |
| title_fullStr | Towards the restoration with Annona glabra (Annonaceae) of a freshwater swamp: seedling establishment and growth, and the accompanying vegetation change |
| title_full_unstemmed | Towards the restoration with Annona glabra (Annonaceae) of a freshwater swamp: seedling establishment and growth, and the accompanying vegetation change |
| title_short | Towards the restoration with Annona glabra (Annonaceae) of a freshwater swamp: seedling establishment and growth, and the accompanying vegetation change |
| title_sort | towards the restoration with annona glabra (annonaceae) of a freshwater swamp: seedling establishment and growth, and the accompanying vegetation change |
| url | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1923 |
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