Endosperm starch grains of Andropogon, Arthraxon hispidus, and Hyparrhenia rufa (Andropogoneae, Panicoideae, Poaceae)
Background and Aims: Grasses have five different types of endosperm starch grain morphology. Even though there is high diversity within the family, the morphology of the starch grains is generally represented by one or two species. Some genera, such as Andropogon (Andropogoneae), were reported to ha...
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| Formato: | Online |
| Idioma: | eng |
| Publicado: |
Instituto de Ecología, A.C.
2021
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| Acceso en liña: | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1921 |
| _version_ | 1799771404444368896 |
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| author | Sánchez Ken, Jorge Gabriel |
| author_facet | Sánchez Ken, Jorge Gabriel |
| author_sort | Sánchez Ken, Jorge Gabriel |
| collection | ABM |
| description | Background and Aims: Grasses have five different types of endosperm starch grain morphology. Even though there is high diversity within the family, the morphology of the starch grains is generally represented by one or two species. Some genera, such as Andropogon (Andropogoneae), were reported to have at least three types of starch grains. However, most of the reviewed species were transferred to other genera. Therefore, the question whether the genus has one or more types of starch grain morphology remains unanswered.
Methods: Between four and eight mature caryopses were removed from specimens deposited in the herbarium IEB for most species, as well as from plants monitored in the field until they had mature caryopses. The caryopses were attached on a plate with a drop of white adhesive Resistol® or resin and then sectioned with a razor blade. Sections were stained with a drop of diluted Lugol´s solution, microscopically observed and photographed at several magnifications.
Key results: All Andropogon species observed have only one type of starch grain morphology, the Andropogon-type. In all species the simple starch grains are much more abundant than the compound ones, except in A. tenuispatheus where the ratio is inverted. The other two reviewed species, Arthraxon hispidus and Hyparrhenia rufa have Andropogon-type and Panicum-type starch grains, respectively.
Conclusions: It is confirmed that, so far, all Andropogon species observed have one type (Andropogon-type) of endosperm starch grain morphology. There is variation in the size, size distribution and shape of the starch grains among the species. Andropogon gayanus is the only reviewed species with large starch grains reaching 28 µm, whereas those in the other species measure up to 15 µm in diameter. |
| format | Online |
| id | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-1921 |
| institution | Acta Botanica Mexicana |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Instituto de Ecología, A.C. |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-19212022-11-17T00:45:23Z Endosperm starch grains of Andropogon, Arthraxon hispidus, and Hyparrhenia rufa (Andropogoneae, Panicoideae, Poaceae) Granos de almidón del endospermo de Andropogon, Arthraxon hispidus, e Hyparrhenia rufa (Andropogoneae, Panicoideae, Poaceae) Sánchez Ken, Jorge Gabriel Andropogon fastigiatus Andropogon virginicus complex granules hilum Miscanthus-type Triticum-type. Andropogon fastigiatus complejo Andropogon virginicus gránulos hilum Miscanthus-type Triticum-type. Background and Aims: Grasses have five different types of endosperm starch grain morphology. Even though there is high diversity within the family, the morphology of the starch grains is generally represented by one or two species. Some genera, such as Andropogon (Andropogoneae), were reported to have at least three types of starch grains. However, most of the reviewed species were transferred to other genera. Therefore, the question whether the genus has one or more types of starch grain morphology remains unanswered. Methods: Between four and eight mature caryopses were removed from specimens deposited in the herbarium IEB for most species, as well as from plants monitored in the field until they had mature caryopses. The caryopses were attached on a plate with a drop of white adhesive Resistol® or resin and then sectioned with a razor blade. Sections were stained with a drop of diluted Lugol´s solution, microscopically observed and photographed at several magnifications. Key results: All Andropogon species observed have only one type of starch grain morphology, the Andropogon-type. In all species the simple starch grains are much more abundant than the compound ones, except in A. tenuispatheus where the ratio is inverted. The other two reviewed species, Arthraxon hispidus and Hyparrhenia rufa have Andropogon-type and Panicum-type starch grains, respectively. Conclusions: It is confirmed that, so far, all Andropogon species observed have one type (Andropogon-type) of endosperm starch grain morphology. There is variation in the size, size distribution and shape of the starch grains among the species. Andropogon gayanus is the only reviewed species with large starch grains reaching 28 µm, whereas those in the other species measure up to 15 µm in diameter. Antecedentes y Objetivos: Las gramíneas tienen cinco tipos diferentes de morfología de granos de almidón del endospermo; sin embargo, debido a la alta diversidad dentro de la familia, la morfología de los granos de almidón generalmente está representada por una o dos especies. Para géneros como Andropogon (Andropogoneae), se ha reportado que tiene al menos tres tipos de granos de endospermo; sin embargo, la mayoría de las especies que fueron revisadas han sido transferidas a otros géneros. Por lo tanto, la pregunta de si el género tiene uno o más tipos de morfología de los granos de almidón del endospermo, aún permanece sin contestar. Métodos: Se removieron entre cuatro y ocho cariópsides maduras de especímenes depositados en el herbario IEB y de algunas especies que fueron monitoreadas en el campo hasta que tuvieran cariópsides maduras. Las cariópsides fueron fijadas en una placa con una gota de adhesivo blanco Resistol® o resina. Se hicieron los cortes con una navaja de rasurar muy delgada. Los cortes se tiñeron con una gota diluida de solución Lugol, se observaron al microscopio y se tomaron fotografías a diferentes amplificaciones. Resultados clave: Todas las especies de Andropogon tienen solo un tipo de morfología de granos de almidón, el tipo-Andropogon. En todas las especies los granos de almidón simples son más abundantes que los compuestos, excepto A. tenuispatheus donde sucede lo contrario. Las otras dos especies revisadas, Arthraxon hispidus e Hyparrhenia rufa tienen tipo-Andropogon y tipo-Panicum, respectivamente. Conclusiones: Hasta este momento, se confirma que todas las especies revisadas tienen un solo tipo de morfología (tipo-Andropogon) de granos de almidón del endospermo. Existe variación en el tamaño, distribución de tamaños y formas de granos de almidón entre las especies. Andropogon gayanus es la única especie que tiene granos de almidón grandes hasta 28 µm, mientras que en las otras especies estos pueden medir hasta 15 µm de diámetro. Instituto de Ecología, A.C. 2021-10-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion artículo evaluado por pares application/pdf text/xml application/epub+zip https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1921 10.21829/abm128.2021.1921 Acta Botanica Mexicana; No. 128 (2021) Acta Botanica Mexicana; Núm. 128 (2021) 2448-7589 0187-7151 eng https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1921/3903 https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1921/3945 https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1921/3902 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Sánchez Ken, Jorge Gabriel Endosperm starch grains of Andropogon, Arthraxon hispidus, and Hyparrhenia rufa (Andropogoneae, Panicoideae, Poaceae) |
| title | Endosperm starch grains of Andropogon, Arthraxon hispidus, and Hyparrhenia rufa (Andropogoneae, Panicoideae, Poaceae) |
| title_full | Endosperm starch grains of Andropogon, Arthraxon hispidus, and Hyparrhenia rufa (Andropogoneae, Panicoideae, Poaceae) |
| title_fullStr | Endosperm starch grains of Andropogon, Arthraxon hispidus, and Hyparrhenia rufa (Andropogoneae, Panicoideae, Poaceae) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Endosperm starch grains of Andropogon, Arthraxon hispidus, and Hyparrhenia rufa (Andropogoneae, Panicoideae, Poaceae) |
| title_short | Endosperm starch grains of Andropogon, Arthraxon hispidus, and Hyparrhenia rufa (Andropogoneae, Panicoideae, Poaceae) |
| title_sort | endosperm starch grains of andropogon, arthraxon hispidus, and hyparrhenia rufa (andropogoneae, panicoideae, poaceae) |
| url | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1921 |
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