Diversity of vascular epiphytes in remnant trees of the genus Ficus (Moraceae) in silvopastoral systems of southeastern Mexico
Background and Aims: In silvopastoral systems, it is possible to find remnant trees that provide habitat and resources for different groups of organisms. This study analyzed the role of remnant trees of the genus Ficus (Moraceae) as refuge to harbor vascular epiphytes in the Depresión Central de Chi...
| Egile Nagusiak: | , , , |
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| Formatua: | Online |
| Hizkuntza: | spa |
| Argitaratua: |
Instituto de Ecología, A.C.
2021
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| Sarrera elektronikoa: | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1827 |
| _version_ | 1799771393760428032 |
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| author | Trejo-Cruz, Iray Atziri Martínez Camilo, Rubén Martínez-Meléndez, Nayely Jiménez-López, Derio Antonio |
| author_facet | Trejo-Cruz, Iray Atziri Martínez Camilo, Rubén Martínez-Meléndez, Nayely Jiménez-López, Derio Antonio |
| author_sort | Trejo-Cruz, Iray Atziri |
| collection | ABM |
| description | Background and Aims: In silvopastoral systems, it is possible to find remnant trees that provide habitat and resources for different groups of organisms. This study analyzed the role of remnant trees of the genus Ficus (Moraceae) as refuge to harbor vascular epiphytes in the Depresión Central de Chiapas (Mexico).
Methods: The presence of vascular epiphytes in three silvopastoral systems (two with extensive and one with intensive grazing) and two sites of semi-conserved tropical deciduous forest was assessed. In each site, mature Ficus trees (20-30 individuals) were selected, and all vascular epiphytes were sampled (including hemi-epiphytes). An analysis of variance was conducted in order to determine differences in richness and alpha diversity (exponential of the Shannon index) among the sites, as well as a multivariate analysis to observe changes in species composition.
Key results: We found 77 species, distributed in 36 genera and nine families. The most abundant families were Orchidaceae, Bromeliaceae and Cactaceae. On average, ca. six epiphyte species were found per tree (maximum 19). Alpha diversity was higher in semi-conserved forests of both localities than in remnant trees present in the silvopastoral systems. Species composition is heterogeneous and different among sites of the semi-conserved forest and the silvopastoral systems. Half of the epiphyte species were exclusive to a determined site, mainly in the semi-conserved forest with 15 species.
Conclusions: Ficus trees present characteristics, such as rugose bark texture, as well as thick and almost horizontal branches, that facilitate the colonization of epiphytes and they serve as habitat relicts in silvorpastoril systems. Therefore, they contribute to the maintenance of the total diversity of vascular epiphytes in highly modified landscapes. |
| format | Online |
| id | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-1827 |
| institution | Acta Botanica Mexicana |
| language | spa |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Instituto de Ecología, A.C. |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-18272022-11-17T00:36:21Z Diversity of vascular epiphytes in remnant trees of the genus Ficus (Moraceae) in silvopastoral systems of southeastern Mexico Diversidad de epífitas vasculares en árboles remanentes del género Ficus (Moraceae) en sistemas silvopastoriles del sureste de México Trejo-Cruz, Iray Atziri Martínez Camilo, Rubén Martínez-Meléndez, Nayely Jiménez-López, Derio Antonio Bromeliaceae conservation diversity patterns Orchidaceae tropical deciduous forest. bosque tropical seco Bromeliaceae conservación Orchidaceae patrones de diversidad. Background and Aims: In silvopastoral systems, it is possible to find remnant trees that provide habitat and resources for different groups of organisms. This study analyzed the role of remnant trees of the genus Ficus (Moraceae) as refuge to harbor vascular epiphytes in the Depresión Central de Chiapas (Mexico). Methods: The presence of vascular epiphytes in three silvopastoral systems (two with extensive and one with intensive grazing) and two sites of semi-conserved tropical deciduous forest was assessed. In each site, mature Ficus trees (20-30 individuals) were selected, and all vascular epiphytes were sampled (including hemi-epiphytes). An analysis of variance was conducted in order to determine differences in richness and alpha diversity (exponential of the Shannon index) among the sites, as well as a multivariate analysis to observe changes in species composition. Key results: We found 77 species, distributed in 36 genera and nine families. The most abundant families were Orchidaceae, Bromeliaceae and Cactaceae. On average, ca. six epiphyte species were found per tree (maximum 19). Alpha diversity was higher in semi-conserved forests of both localities than in remnant trees present in the silvopastoral systems. Species composition is heterogeneous and different among sites of the semi-conserved forest and the silvopastoral systems. Half of the epiphyte species were exclusive to a determined site, mainly in the semi-conserved forest with 15 species. Conclusions: Ficus trees present characteristics, such as rugose bark texture, as well as thick and almost horizontal branches, that facilitate the colonization of epiphytes and they serve as habitat relicts in silvorpastoril systems. Therefore, they contribute to the maintenance of the total diversity of vascular epiphytes in highly modified landscapes. Antecedentes y Objetivos: En los sistemas silvopastoriles es posible observar árboles remanentes que proveen de hábitats y recursos a diferentes grupos de organismos. En este estudio se analizó el rol que tienen los árboles remanentes del género Ficus (Moraceae) como refugio para albergar epífitas vasculares en la Depresión Central de Chiapas, México. Métodos: Se evaluó la presencia de epífitas vasculares en tres sistemas silvopastoriles (dos con pastoreo extensivo y uno intensivo) y dos sitios de bosque tropical seco semiconservado. En cada sitio se seleccionaron árboles adultos de Ficus (20-30 individuos) en los cuales se muestrearon todas las epífitas vasculares (incluyendo hemiepífitas). Se realizaron análisis de varianza para determinar si hay diferencias en la riqueza y diversidad alfa (exponencial del índice de Shannon) entre los sitios, así como análisis multivariado para observar los cambios en la composición de especies. Resultados clave: Se encontraron 77 especies, distribuidas en 36 géneros y nueve familias. Las familias más abundantes fueron Orchidaceae, Bromeliaceae y Cactaceae. En promedio, se detectaron ca. seis especies de epífitas por árbol (máximo 19). La diversidad alfa es mayor en los árboles del bosque semiconservado en comparación con los árboles remanentes presentes en los sistemas silvopastoriles. La composición de especies es heterogénea y diferente entre los sitios del bosque semiconservado y los sistemas silvopastoriles. La mitad de las especies de epífitas fueron exclusivas a un sitio determinado, principalmente en el remanente de bosque con 15 especies. Conclusiones: Los árboles de Ficus presentan características como una corteza rugosa, ramas gruesas y casi horizontales que facilitan la colonización de epífitas y sirven como relictos de hábitat en los sistemas silvopastoriles. Por lo tanto, contribuyen al mantenimiento de la diversidad total de epífitas vasculares en paisajes altamente modificados. Instituto de Ecología, A.C. 2021-04-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion artículo evaluado por pares application/pdf text/xml application/epub+zip https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1827 10.21829/abm128.2021.1827 Acta Botanica Mexicana; No. 128 (2021) Acta Botanica Mexicana; Núm. 128 (2021) 2448-7589 0187-7151 spa https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1827/3805 https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1827/3823 https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1827/3806 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Trejo-Cruz, Iray Atziri Martínez Camilo, Rubén Martínez-Meléndez, Nayely Jiménez-López, Derio Antonio Diversity of vascular epiphytes in remnant trees of the genus Ficus (Moraceae) in silvopastoral systems of southeastern Mexico |
| title | Diversity of vascular epiphytes in remnant trees of the genus Ficus (Moraceae) in silvopastoral systems of southeastern Mexico |
| title_full | Diversity of vascular epiphytes in remnant trees of the genus Ficus (Moraceae) in silvopastoral systems of southeastern Mexico |
| title_fullStr | Diversity of vascular epiphytes in remnant trees of the genus Ficus (Moraceae) in silvopastoral systems of southeastern Mexico |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diversity of vascular epiphytes in remnant trees of the genus Ficus (Moraceae) in silvopastoral systems of southeastern Mexico |
| title_short | Diversity of vascular epiphytes in remnant trees of the genus Ficus (Moraceae) in silvopastoral systems of southeastern Mexico |
| title_sort | diversity of vascular epiphytes in remnant trees of the genus ficus (moraceae) in silvopastoral systems of southeastern mexico |
| url | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1827 |
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