Genetical and physicochemical diversity among twelve Brazilian cultivars of cashew (Anacardium occidentale)
Background and Aims: Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) is a native Brazilian tree, cultivated in various warm climates across the world. The cashew kernels production has been an important economic activity for many tropical countries, providing a variety of food with great nutrition value. The geneti...
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| Formaat: | Online |
| Taal: | eng |
| Gepubliceerd in: |
Instituto de Ecología, A.C.
2021
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| Online toegang: | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1775 |
| _version_ | 1799771386876526592 |
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| author | de Souza Lemos, Moaciria do Nascimento Bordallo, Patricia das Chagas Vidal Neto , Francisco Nogueira Lima, Eveline Santos Araújo Holanda, Ioná |
| author_facet | de Souza Lemos, Moaciria do Nascimento Bordallo, Patricia das Chagas Vidal Neto , Francisco Nogueira Lima, Eveline Santos Araújo Holanda, Ioná |
| author_sort | de Souza Lemos, Moaciria |
| collection | ABM |
| description | Background and Aims: Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) is a native Brazilian tree, cultivated in various warm climates across the world. The cashew kernels production has been an important economic activity for many tropical countries, providing a variety of food with great nutrition value. The genetic diversity among the early dwarf cultivars used to production is poorly understood, as is the nutritional composition among nuts from those plants. This work aimed to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of cashew kernels and to study genetic diversity among twelve cultivars to indicate superior genotypes for future breeding programs. Methods: Cashew kernels from twelve cultivars were evaluated for pH, titratable acidity, moisture, ash, lipids and proteins. The genetic variability was assessed using RAPD and ISSR molecular markers. Data from molecular and physicochemical analyses were used to estimate the genetic distances and Mantel test approach was applied to calculate Pearson’s correlation between the data.Key results: A high genetic variability was found among the cultivars. BRS 274 and BRS 275 were the closest genetically, while CCP 09 and BRS 189 were the most distant ones. On the other hand, EMBRAPA 51 and BRS 226 showed cashew kernels with more similar physicochemical characteristics, while BRS 189 and BRS 253 had the more different ones. Moreover, no correlation was found between the physicochemical and molecular results. Cashew kernels had pH close to neutrality, low acidity, considerable moisture content, and high lipid and protein contents. Conclusions: The cashew kernels from the cultivars studied here had low acidity and pH, considerable moisture and ash contents, and high protein and lipid contents. BRS 189, BRS 253, and CCP 1001 showed the best values for proteins, lipids, acidity, and pH. In addition, those cultivars have maximum distance genetic among them, which can be used as parents in future gene combinations in breeding programs. |
| format | Online |
| id | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-1775 |
| institution | Acta Botanica Mexicana |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Instituto de Ecología, A.C. |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-17752022-11-17T00:36:25Z Genetical and physicochemical diversity among twelve Brazilian cultivars of cashew (Anacardium occidentale) Diversidad genética y fisicoquímica en doce cultivares brasileños de anacardo (Anacardium occidentale) de Souza Lemos, Moaciria do Nascimento Bordallo, Patricia das Chagas Vidal Neto , Francisco Nogueira Lima, Eveline Santos Araújo Holanda, Ioná breeding genetic resources molecular markers marcadores moleculares mejoramiento genético recursos genéticos Background and Aims: Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) is a native Brazilian tree, cultivated in various warm climates across the world. The cashew kernels production has been an important economic activity for many tropical countries, providing a variety of food with great nutrition value. The genetic diversity among the early dwarf cultivars used to production is poorly understood, as is the nutritional composition among nuts from those plants. This work aimed to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of cashew kernels and to study genetic diversity among twelve cultivars to indicate superior genotypes for future breeding programs. Methods: Cashew kernels from twelve cultivars were evaluated for pH, titratable acidity, moisture, ash, lipids and proteins. The genetic variability was assessed using RAPD and ISSR molecular markers. Data from molecular and physicochemical analyses were used to estimate the genetic distances and Mantel test approach was applied to calculate Pearson’s correlation between the data.Key results: A high genetic variability was found among the cultivars. BRS 274 and BRS 275 were the closest genetically, while CCP 09 and BRS 189 were the most distant ones. On the other hand, EMBRAPA 51 and BRS 226 showed cashew kernels with more similar physicochemical characteristics, while BRS 189 and BRS 253 had the more different ones. Moreover, no correlation was found between the physicochemical and molecular results. Cashew kernels had pH close to neutrality, low acidity, considerable moisture content, and high lipid and protein contents. Conclusions: The cashew kernels from the cultivars studied here had low acidity and pH, considerable moisture and ash contents, and high protein and lipid contents. BRS 189, BRS 253, and CCP 1001 showed the best values for proteins, lipids, acidity, and pH. In addition, those cultivars have maximum distance genetic among them, which can be used as parents in future gene combinations in breeding programs. Antecedentes y Objetivos: El marañón (Anacardium occidentale) es un árbol nativo de Brasil y cultivado en varios climas cálidos en todo el mundo. La producción de nueces de marañón ha sido una actividad económica importante para muchos países tropicales, proporcionando una variedad de alimentos con un gran valor nutricional. La diversidad genética entre los primeros árboles de marañón enanos utilizados para la producción es poco conocida, así como la composición nutricional entre los frutos secos de estas plantas. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar las características fisicoquímicas de los granos de marañón y estudiar la diversidad genética entre doce cultivares para indicar genotipos superiores para futuros programas de mejoramiento.Métodos: Se evaluó el pH, acidez titulable, humedad, ceniza, lípidos y proteínas de los granos de marañón de doce cultivares. La variabilidad genética se evaluó mediante marcadores moleculares RAPD e ISSR. Se utilizaron datos de análisis moleculares y fisicoquímicos para estimar las distancias genéticas y se aplicó el método de prueba de Mantel para calcular la correlación de Pearson entre los datos.Resultados clave: Se encontró una alta variabilidad genética entre los cultivares. BRS 274 y BRS 275 fueron los más cercanos genéticamente, mientras que CCP 09 y BRS 189 fueron los más distantes. Por otro lado, EMBRAPA 51 y BRS 226 mostraron granos con características fisicoquímicas más similares, mientras que BRS 189 y BRS 253 tuvieron los más diferentes. Además, no se encontró correlación entre los resultados fisicoquímicos y moleculares. Los granos de marañón tenían un pH cercano a la neutralidad, baja acidez, considerable contenido de humedad y alto contenido de lípidos y proteínas.Conclusiones: Los granos de marañón de los doce cultivares estudiados aquí tenían baja acidez y pH, contenido considerable de humedad y cenizas, y alto contenido de proteínas y lípidos. BRS 189, BRS 253 y CCP 1001 mostraron los mejores valores de proteínas, lípidos, acidez y pH. Además, esos cultivares tienen una distancia genética máxima entre ellos, que pueden usarse como progenitores en futuras combinaciones de genes en programas de mejoramiento genético. Instituto de Ecología, A.C. 2021-04-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion artículo evaluado por pares application/pdf text/xml application/epub+zip https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1775 10.21829/abm128.2021.1775 Acta Botanica Mexicana; No. 128 (2021) Acta Botanica Mexicana; Núm. 128 (2021) 2448-7589 0187-7151 eng https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1775/3789 https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1775/3820 https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1775/3790 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | de Souza Lemos, Moaciria do Nascimento Bordallo, Patricia das Chagas Vidal Neto , Francisco Nogueira Lima, Eveline Santos Araújo Holanda, Ioná Genetical and physicochemical diversity among twelve Brazilian cultivars of cashew (Anacardium occidentale) |
| title | Genetical and physicochemical diversity among twelve Brazilian cultivars of cashew (Anacardium occidentale) |
| title_full | Genetical and physicochemical diversity among twelve Brazilian cultivars of cashew (Anacardium occidentale) |
| title_fullStr | Genetical and physicochemical diversity among twelve Brazilian cultivars of cashew (Anacardium occidentale) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetical and physicochemical diversity among twelve Brazilian cultivars of cashew (Anacardium occidentale) |
| title_short | Genetical and physicochemical diversity among twelve Brazilian cultivars of cashew (Anacardium occidentale) |
| title_sort | genetical and physicochemical diversity among twelve brazilian cultivars of cashew (anacardium occidentale) |
| url | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1775 |
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