Amaranth: distribution and morphological diversity of the genetic resource in parts of the Mayan region (southeast of Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras)
Background and Aims: Amaranth is of worldwide interest for its nutritional value as a vegetable and grain. The principal cultivated species used as grain are Amaranthus caudatus, A. cruentus and A. hypochondriacus. Two accepted hypotheses about the origin of A. cruentus consider A. hybridus as its a...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Online |
| Language: | spa |
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Instituto de Ecología, A.C.
2020
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| Online Access: | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1738 |
| _version_ | 1799771383734992896 |
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| author | Aguilera-Cauich, Erick A. Solís-Fernández, Karen Z. Ibarra-Morales, Ariadna Cifuentes-Velásquez, Rolando Sánchez-del Pino, Ivonne |
| author_facet | Aguilera-Cauich, Erick A. Solís-Fernández, Karen Z. Ibarra-Morales, Ariadna Cifuentes-Velásquez, Rolando Sánchez-del Pino, Ivonne |
| author_sort | Aguilera-Cauich, Erick A. |
| collection | ABM |
| description | Background and Aims: Amaranth is of worldwide interest for its nutritional value as a vegetable and grain. The principal cultivated species used as grain are Amaranthus caudatus, A. cruentus and A. hypochondriacus. Two accepted hypotheses about the origin of A. cruentus consider A. hybridus as its ancestor. The objectives of this study are 1) to report the updated distribution and frequency of A. cruentus and A. hybridus in southeastern Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras and 2) to assess their morphological diversity, using floral and fruit characters of both species in Mexico and Guatemala.Methods: The information gathered from 147 herbarium examples was used to update the distribution and determine the frequency of A. cruentus and A. hybridus in the study area, possible area of domestication. Morphological diversity was determined using 22 morphological characters related to pistillate flowers and fruits by conducting a multivariate analysis of main components in a sampling of 15 specimens of A. cruentus and 31 of A. hybridus from Guatemala and southeastern Mexico.Key results: The main distribution of A. cruentus was shown in Guatemala, and of A. hybridus in Mexico. The accumulated variation in the first three principal components was 58% for both species. The morphological variation for both species was mainly associated with characters related to the internal and external sepals. The principal components analysis graph showed wide morphological variation in A. cruentus and A. hybridus regardless of their geographical distribution in both cases.Conclusions: The geographical distribution of A. cruentus in Mexico is wider than previously reported. Diversity was described using morphological characters of pistillate flowers and fruits for A. cruentus and A. hybridus. |
| format | Online |
| id | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-1738 |
| institution | Acta Botanica Mexicana |
| language | spa |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Instituto de Ecología, A.C. |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-17382022-11-17T00:51:26Z Amaranth: distribution and morphological diversity of the genetic resource in parts of the Mayan region (southeast of Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras) Amaranto: distribución y diversidad morfológica del recurso genético en partes de la región Maya (sureste de México, Guatemala y Honduras) Aguilera-Cauich, Erick A. Solís-Fernández, Karen Z. Ibarra-Morales, Ariadna Cifuentes-Velásquez, Rolando Sánchez-del Pino, Ivonne Amaranthus cruentus Amaranthus hybridus centro de origen diversidad morfológica Amaranthus cruentus Amaranthus hybridus center of origin morphological diversity Background and Aims: Amaranth is of worldwide interest for its nutritional value as a vegetable and grain. The principal cultivated species used as grain are Amaranthus caudatus, A. cruentus and A. hypochondriacus. Two accepted hypotheses about the origin of A. cruentus consider A. hybridus as its ancestor. The objectives of this study are 1) to report the updated distribution and frequency of A. cruentus and A. hybridus in southeastern Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras and 2) to assess their morphological diversity, using floral and fruit characters of both species in Mexico and Guatemala.Methods: The information gathered from 147 herbarium examples was used to update the distribution and determine the frequency of A. cruentus and A. hybridus in the study area, possible area of domestication. Morphological diversity was determined using 22 morphological characters related to pistillate flowers and fruits by conducting a multivariate analysis of main components in a sampling of 15 specimens of A. cruentus and 31 of A. hybridus from Guatemala and southeastern Mexico.Key results: The main distribution of A. cruentus was shown in Guatemala, and of A. hybridus in Mexico. The accumulated variation in the first three principal components was 58% for both species. The morphological variation for both species was mainly associated with characters related to the internal and external sepals. The principal components analysis graph showed wide morphological variation in A. cruentus and A. hybridus regardless of their geographical distribution in both cases.Conclusions: The geographical distribution of A. cruentus in Mexico is wider than previously reported. Diversity was described using morphological characters of pistillate flowers and fruits for A. cruentus and A. hybridus. Antecedentes y Objetivos: El amaranto es de interés mundial por su valor nutricional como verdura y grano. Las especies cultivadas de mayor importancia comercial por su producción de grano son Amaranthus caudatus, A. cruentus y A. hypochondriacus. Dos hipótesis aceptadas sobre el origen de A. cruentus consideran a A. hybridus como su ancestro. Los objetivos del presente estudio son 1) reportar la distribución actualizada y frecuencia de A. cruentus y A. hybridus en el sureste de México, Guatemala y Honduras y 2) evaluar su diversidad morfológica mediante caracteres florales y del fruto de ambas especies en México y Guatemala.Métodos: La información proveniente de 147 ejemplares de herbario fue empleada para actualizar la distribución y frecuencia de A. cruentus y A. hybridus en la zona de estudio, posible área de domesticación. La diversidad a nivel morfológico se determinó del análisis de 22 caracteres relacionados a estructuras de flores pistiladas y del fruto, usando un análisis multivariado de componentes principales y evaluando para ello 15 ejemplares de A. cruentus y 31 de A. hybridus procedentes de Guatemala y el sureste de México.Resultados clave: La mayor distribución de A. cruentus se presentó en Guatemala y, en el caso de A. hybridus en México. La variación acumulada en los tres primeros componentes principales fue de 58% para ambas especies. La variación morfológica para las dos especies se asoció principalmente con caracteres relacionados a los sépalos internos y externos. El gráfico del análisis de componentes principales permite observar una amplia variación morfológica en A. cruentus y A. hybridus, independiente de su distribución geográfica en ambos casos.Conclusiones: La distribución geográfica de A. cruentus en México es más amplia con respecto a reportes previos. Se describe la diversidad morfológica de estructuras de flores pistiladas y frutos en A. cruentus y A. hybridus. Instituto de Ecología, A.C. 2020-09-22 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion artículo evaluado por pares application/pdf text/xml application/epub+zip https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1738 10.21829/abm128.2021.1738 Acta Botanica Mexicana; No. 128 (2021) Acta Botanica Mexicana; Núm. 128 (2021) 2448-7589 0187-7151 spa https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1738/3607 https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1738/3722 https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1738/3608 Derechos de autor 2020 Acta Botanica Mexicana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Aguilera-Cauich, Erick A. Solís-Fernández, Karen Z. Ibarra-Morales, Ariadna Cifuentes-Velásquez, Rolando Sánchez-del Pino, Ivonne Amaranth: distribution and morphological diversity of the genetic resource in parts of the Mayan region (southeast of Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras) |
| title | Amaranth: distribution and morphological diversity of the genetic resource in parts of the Mayan region (southeast of Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras) |
| title_full | Amaranth: distribution and morphological diversity of the genetic resource in parts of the Mayan region (southeast of Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras) |
| title_fullStr | Amaranth: distribution and morphological diversity of the genetic resource in parts of the Mayan region (southeast of Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Amaranth: distribution and morphological diversity of the genetic resource in parts of the Mayan region (southeast of Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras) |
| title_short | Amaranth: distribution and morphological diversity of the genetic resource in parts of the Mayan region (southeast of Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras) |
| title_sort | amaranth: distribution and morphological diversity of the genetic resource in parts of the mayan region (southeast of mexico, guatemala and honduras) |
| url | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1738 |
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