Integrating morphometric and phylogenetic analyses: from phenetic systematics to phylogenetic morphometrics
Background and Aims: Quantitative methods have accumulated for the use of linear measurements and Cartesian coordinates of landmark points in analyses of morphometric variation. Unlike previous reviews, here I emphasize the theoretical bases of mathematical spaces and morphospace of a taxonomic char...
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| Formato: | Online |
| Lenguaje: | spa |
| Publicado: |
Instituto de Ecología, A.C.
2020
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| Acceso en línea: | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1640 |
| _version_ | 1799771372638961664 |
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| author | De Luna, Efraín |
| author_facet | De Luna, Efraín |
| author_sort | De Luna, Efraín |
| collection | ABM |
| description | Background and Aims: Quantitative methods have accumulated for the use of linear measurements and Cartesian coordinates of landmark points in analyses of morphometric variation. Unlike previous reviews, here I emphasize the theoretical bases of mathematical spaces and morphospace of a taxonomic character. The goal of this contribution is to provide conceptual elements for a basic understanding of morphometric and statistical methods useful in systematics under a phylogenetic approach.Methods: Morphometric data are being applied in comparative biology research, using a phylogeny as a reference. In contrast, applications of morphometrics in systematics have been with the aim of phenetic grouping and distinguishing taxonomic groups with overall similarity. Under a phylogenetic approach, morphometric data can also be used for the study of taxonomic character variation, character state identity and phylogenetic inference. Taxonomic groups should be proposed from monophyletic groups discovered with phylogenetic methods.Key results: I review the basic morphometric theory, vector geometry, Kendall shape space, Procrustes distance, projection of tangential spaces, and construction of morphospace hypercubes. Remainders of statistical concepts useful for the application of Principal Component Analysis and Canonical Variate Analysis in systematics are presented. Particularly, I give examples and recommendations on the use of linear measurements and landmark coordinates in morphometric analyses for the identification of species, the variation of taxonomic characters and in the inference of phylogeny and classification.Conclusions: The current broad collection of methods provides an opportunity to integrate morphometric data to discover taxic and transformational homology. This implies an epistemological change necessary to move from applications in systematics under a phenetic approach to the integration of morphometric analyses as part of phylogenetic research. |
| format | Online |
| id | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-1640 |
| institution | Acta Botanica Mexicana |
| language | spa |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Instituto de Ecología, A.C. |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:oai.abm.ojs.inecol.mx:article-16402022-11-17T21:35:58Z Integrating morphometric and phylogenetic analyses: from phenetic systematics to phylogenetic morphometrics Integrando análisis morfométricos y filogenéticos: de la sistemática fenética a la morfometría filogenética De Luna, Efraín análisis multivariados filogenia forma marcas morfometría geométrica geometric morphometrics landmarks multivariate analysis phylogeny shape Background and Aims: Quantitative methods have accumulated for the use of linear measurements and Cartesian coordinates of landmark points in analyses of morphometric variation. Unlike previous reviews, here I emphasize the theoretical bases of mathematical spaces and morphospace of a taxonomic character. The goal of this contribution is to provide conceptual elements for a basic understanding of morphometric and statistical methods useful in systematics under a phylogenetic approach.Methods: Morphometric data are being applied in comparative biology research, using a phylogeny as a reference. In contrast, applications of morphometrics in systematics have been with the aim of phenetic grouping and distinguishing taxonomic groups with overall similarity. Under a phylogenetic approach, morphometric data can also be used for the study of taxonomic character variation, character state identity and phylogenetic inference. Taxonomic groups should be proposed from monophyletic groups discovered with phylogenetic methods.Key results: I review the basic morphometric theory, vector geometry, Kendall shape space, Procrustes distance, projection of tangential spaces, and construction of morphospace hypercubes. Remainders of statistical concepts useful for the application of Principal Component Analysis and Canonical Variate Analysis in systematics are presented. Particularly, I give examples and recommendations on the use of linear measurements and landmark coordinates in morphometric analyses for the identification of species, the variation of taxonomic characters and in the inference of phylogeny and classification.Conclusions: The current broad collection of methods provides an opportunity to integrate morphometric data to discover taxic and transformational homology. This implies an epistemological change necessary to move from applications in systematics under a phenetic approach to the integration of morphometric analyses as part of phylogenetic research. Antecedentes y Objetivos: Se han acumulado métodos cuantitativos para el uso de mediciones lineales y coordenadas Cartesianas de puntos en análisis de la variación morfométrica. A diferencia de revisiones previas, aquí se enfatizan las bases teóricas de los espacios matemáticos y del morfoespacio de un carácter taxonómico. El objetivo de esta revisión es suministrar elementos conceptuales para una comprensión básica de los métodos morfométricos y estadísticos útiles en la sistemática bajo un enfoque filogenético. Métodos: Los datos morfométricos se están aplicando en estudios de biología comparativa, usando las filogenias como referencia. En contraste, las aplicaciones de la morfometría en sistemática han sido con el objetivo de agrupar y distinguir grupos taxonómicos fenéticamente con la similitud total. Bajo un enfoque filogenético, los datos morfométricos también se pueden usar para el estudio de la variación de caracteres taxonómicos, la identidad de los estados y la inferencia de filogenias. Los grupos taxonómicos debieran ser propuestos a partir de grupos monofiléticos descubiertos con métodos filogenéticos. Resultados clave: Se presentan las bases de la teoría de la morfometría, geometría vectorial, el espacio de Kendall, la distancia Procrustes, proyección de espacios tangenciales y construcción de hipercubos del morfoespacio. Se revisan conceptos estadísticos útiles para la aplicación de los Análisis de Componentes Principales y los Análisis de Variables Canónicas en sistemática. Particularmente se dan recomendaciones y ejemplos sobre el uso de mediciones lineales y coordenadas de puntos en análisis morfométricos para la identificación de especies, la variación de caracteres taxonómicos y en la inferencia de filogenias y clasificación. Conclusiones: El amplio acervo actual de métodos brinda la oportunidad de integrar los datos morfométricos para descubrir homología táxica y homología transformacional. Esto implica un cambio epistemológico necesario para transitar de aplicaciones bajo una sistemática fenética, a la integración de los análisis morfométricos como parte de la investigación filogenética. Instituto de Ecología, A.C. 2020-02-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf application/epub+zip application/xml https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1640 10.21829/abm127.2020.1640 Acta Botanica Mexicana; No. 127 (2020) Acta Botanica Mexicana; Núm. 127 (2020) 2448-7589 0187-7151 spa https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1640/4119 https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1640/4118 https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1640/2014 Derechos de autor 2020 Acta Botanica Mexicana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | De Luna, Efraín Integrating morphometric and phylogenetic analyses: from phenetic systematics to phylogenetic morphometrics |
| title | Integrating morphometric and phylogenetic analyses: from phenetic systematics to phylogenetic morphometrics |
| title_full | Integrating morphometric and phylogenetic analyses: from phenetic systematics to phylogenetic morphometrics |
| title_fullStr | Integrating morphometric and phylogenetic analyses: from phenetic systematics to phylogenetic morphometrics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Integrating morphometric and phylogenetic analyses: from phenetic systematics to phylogenetic morphometrics |
| title_short | Integrating morphometric and phylogenetic analyses: from phenetic systematics to phylogenetic morphometrics |
| title_sort | integrating morphometric and phylogenetic analyses: from phenetic systematics to phylogenetic morphometrics |
| url | https://abm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/abm/article/view/1640 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT delunaefrain integratingmorphometricandphylogeneticanalysesfrompheneticsystematicstophylogeneticmorphometrics AT delunaefrain integrandoanalisismorfometricosyfilogeneticosdelasistematicafeneticaalamorfometriafilogenetica |
