| Sažetak: | A study on diversity, seasonal fluctuation and sex ratio of fruit-flies (Tephritidae) was performed between January and December, 2002, using with plastic McPhail traps in Piura and Ica state, Peru. AtValle Alto Piura and in four vallies (Chincha, Pisco, Ica and Nazca) at Ica the number of fruit-flies captured trap-1 week-1 was recorded, and three species in common: Anastrepha distincta Greene, 1934,Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann, 1830), and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) were identified. In Piura Anastrepha chiclayae Greene, 1934, Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart, 1835) and Anastrephastriata Schiner, 1868 were found exclusively. On the other hand, traps in Ica exclusively captured Anastrepha serpentina (Wiedemann, 1830). Piura presented a higher richness of tephritidae in comparison to Ica. In Piura, the dominant and constant species was A. obliqua while in Ica it was C. capitata. Shannon-Wiener (H´) diversity index did not show seasonal fluctuations in Piura; but in Ica its values were higher in spring-summer. A. fraterculus populations increased in Piura and Ica in the summer. In addition, C. capitata and fruit-flies in general registered an increase in Piura in the summer and in Ica in the fall. A. obliqua in Piura did not show seasonal fluctuations. Of the total of specimens captured in Ica, 66.5% were females and 33.5% were males. In Piura, 60.5% were females and 39.5% were males. Global sex ratio of males-females was 1:1.7, with 63.5% females and 36.5% males. Temperature and ripening host fruit species presence explained diversity and observed fluctuations.
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