Biostatical analysis of the tensions acting in the jaw of the Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) during the bite.
This study was intended to contribute to the biological and biostatical knowledge of the Andean bear, the fourth bear largest in the world and the largest carnivore living in the Neotropics. Tensions were high, asking the tooth during, their reactions and behavior cutting efforts and maximum flexor...
| Hoofdauteurs: | , , |
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| Formaat: | Online |
| Taal: | spa |
| Gepubliceerd in: |
Instituto de Ecología, A.C.
2009
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| Online toegang: | https://azm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/azm/article/view/661 |
| _version_ | 1799770065684398080 |
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| author | Del Moral Sachetti, J. Fernando Zenteno Cárdenas, Ramiro Lameda Camacaro, Fátima I. |
| author_facet | Del Moral Sachetti, J. Fernando Zenteno Cárdenas, Ramiro Lameda Camacaro, Fátima I. |
| author_sort | Del Moral Sachetti, J. Fernando |
| collection | AZM |
| description | This study was intended to contribute to the biological and biostatical knowledge of the Andean bear, the fourth bear largest in the world and the largest carnivore living in the Neotropics. Tensions were high, asking the tooth during, their reactions and behavior cutting efforts and maximum flexor moments, along the jaw vain. This will be analyzed 3 complete skulls and a jaw from wild animals of Bolivia, using 9 skull measurements as descriptors. The maximum bite requests were considered in the canines (c) and second upper molars (m2). It also determined the intensity of them, by calculating of the tensions reached higher in these sections, depending on the Fracture strength (?R = 0.50 kg/mm2). The final system, responds to two portions of a hiperestatical structure and its resolution is achieved through the Moment Distribution Method by Cross. It was found that the maximum bite force in the male is 246.90 kg being 1.34 times higher in the molars. The female, have reached a bite of 184.96 kg and a milling intensity of 285.75 kg. The increased intensity in over 80 kg in the molars on the canines is directly proportional to the great development of the temporalis-masseteric muscle, as the structural design of bone in the masseteric fossa and the width of face at molar. These biostatics characters reflect the design expertise craniodental of the species to withstand major stresses, product of crushing and grinding tough fibrous plants in general and training unique to the male predation. What it enables the Andean bear to have a varied diet and opportunistic in its ecological niche, adaptable to food resources that the environment offered. |
| format | Online |
| id | azm-article-661 |
| institution | Acta Zoológica Mexicana |
| language | spa |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publisher | Instituto de Ecología, A.C. |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | azm-article-6612022-10-05T21:30:56Z Biostatical analysis of the tensions acting in the jaw of the Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) during the bite. Análisis biostático de las tensiones actuantes en el dentario del oso andino (Tremarctos Ornatus) durante la mordedura Del Moral Sachetti, J. Fernando Zenteno Cárdenas, Ramiro Lameda Camacaro, Fátima I. Andean bear Tremarctos ornatus biostatic hiperestaticity Cross method Oso andino Tremarctos ornatus biostática hiperestaticidad método de Cross. This study was intended to contribute to the biological and biostatical knowledge of the Andean bear, the fourth bear largest in the world and the largest carnivore living in the Neotropics. Tensions were high, asking the tooth during, their reactions and behavior cutting efforts and maximum flexor moments, along the jaw vain. This will be analyzed 3 complete skulls and a jaw from wild animals of Bolivia, using 9 skull measurements as descriptors. The maximum bite requests were considered in the canines (c) and second upper molars (m2). It also determined the intensity of them, by calculating of the tensions reached higher in these sections, depending on the Fracture strength (?R = 0.50 kg/mm2). The final system, responds to two portions of a hiperestatical structure and its resolution is achieved through the Moment Distribution Method by Cross. It was found that the maximum bite force in the male is 246.90 kg being 1.34 times higher in the molars. The female, have reached a bite of 184.96 kg and a milling intensity of 285.75 kg. The increased intensity in over 80 kg in the molars on the canines is directly proportional to the great development of the temporalis-masseteric muscle, as the structural design of bone in the masseteric fossa and the width of face at molar. These biostatics characters reflect the design expertise craniodental of the species to withstand major stresses, product of crushing and grinding tough fibrous plants in general and training unique to the male predation. What it enables the Andean bear to have a varied diet and opportunistic in its ecological niche, adaptable to food resources that the environment offered. El presente estudio tuvo la finalidad de contribuir al conocimiento biológico y biostático del oso andino (Tremarctos ornatus), el cuarto úrsido de mayor tamaño del mundo y el carnívoro más grande viviente del Neotrópico. Se obtuvieron las tensiones máximas que solicitan al dentario durante la mordedura, sus reacciones y comportamiento a los esfuerzos de corte y momentos flexores máximos, a lo largo del vano mandibular. Para ello, se analizaron 3 cráneos completos y un dentario provenientes de animales silvestres de Bolivia, utilizando 9 medidas craneanas como descriptores. Las cargas máximas de mordedura se consideraron en los caninos (c) y segundos molares superiores (m2). Se determinaron además la intensidad de las mismas, mediante el cálculo de las tensiones más elevadas alcanzadas en dichas secciones, en función de la Tensión de Rotura (?R = 0,50 kg/mm2). El sistema final propuesto, responde a dos tramos de una estructura hiperestática y su resolución se efectúo mediante el Método de Aproximaciones Sucesivas de Cross. Se encontró que la fuerza máxima de mordedura en el macho es de 246,90 kg siendo 1,34 veces mayor aproximadamente, en los molares. La hembra llega a tener una mordida de 184,96 kg y una intensidad de molienda de 285, 75 kg. El aumento de la intensidad, en más de 80 kg en los molares respecto a los caninos, es directamente proporcional al gran desarrollo del músculo temporal-masetérico; como el diseño estructural óseo en la fosa homónima y la anchura del rostro a nivel molar. Estos caracteres biostáticos denotan la especialización del diseño craneodentario de la especie para soportar grandes cargas; producto de triturar y moler vegetales fibrosos duros en general, y una capacitación singular del macho para la depredación. Lo que lo posibilita al oso andino a tener una dieta variada y oportunista en su nicho ecológico, adaptable a los recursos alimenticios que el medio le ofrezca. Instituto de Ecología, A.C. 2009-12-06 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Original articles Artículos originales application/pdf https://azm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/azm/article/view/661 10.21829/azm.2009.253661 ACTA ZOOLÓGICA MEXICANA (N.S.); Vol. 25 No. 3 (2009); 551-567 ACTA ZOOLÓGICA MEXICANA (N.S.); Vol. 25 Núm. 3 (2009); 551-567 2448-8445 0065-1737 spa https://azm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/azm/article/view/661/830 Derechos de autor 2009 ACTA ZOOLÓGICA MEXICANA (N.S.) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Del Moral Sachetti, J. Fernando Zenteno Cárdenas, Ramiro Lameda Camacaro, Fátima I. Biostatical analysis of the tensions acting in the jaw of the Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) during the bite. |
| title | Biostatical analysis of the tensions acting in the jaw of the Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) during the bite. |
| title_full | Biostatical analysis of the tensions acting in the jaw of the Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) during the bite. |
| title_fullStr | Biostatical analysis of the tensions acting in the jaw of the Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) during the bite. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biostatical analysis of the tensions acting in the jaw of the Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) during the bite. |
| title_short | Biostatical analysis of the tensions acting in the jaw of the Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) during the bite. |
| title_sort | biostatical analysis of the tensions acting in the jaw of the andean bear (tremarctos ornatus) during the bite. |
| url | https://azm.ojs.inecol.mx/index.php/azm/article/view/661 |
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